Table 1.
Characteristics of all IPMNs by smoking history
| Total N (%) | Nonsmoker (%), 238 (53 %) | Smoker (%), 208 (47 %) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | ||||
| Mean±sd | 68.0±11.1 | 67.6±11.6 | 68.5±10.4 | 0.59 |
| Median | 69 | 69 | 70 | |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 229 (51) | 107 (45) | 122 (59) | 0.004 |
| Female | 217 (49) | 131 (55) | 86 (41) | |
| Race (%) | 0.18 | |||
| Caucasian | 391 (88) | 204 (86) | 187 (90) | |
| Others | 55 (12) | 34 (14) | 21 (10) | |
| Duct type | 0.03 | |||
| Branch | 236 (53) | 133 (56) | 103 (50) | |
| Main | 46 (10) | 16 (7) | 30 (14) | |
| Mixed | 164 (37) | 89 (37) | 75 (36) | |
| Multifocal IPMN | 145 (36) | 79 (36) | 66 (36) | 0.91 |
| Surgery type | 0.80 | |||
| Whipple | 302 (68) | 162 (68) | 140 (67) | |
| Distal | 107 (24) | 54 (23) | 53 (25) | |
| Total | 34 (7) | 20 (8) | 14 (7) | |
| Central | 3 (1) | 2 (1) | 1 (1) | |
| Dysplasia | 0.56 | |||
| Low-intermediate | 231 (52) | 128 (54) | 103 (50) | |
| High-grade | 102 (23) | 50 (21) | 52 (25) | |
| Invasive Carcinoma | 113 (25) | 60 (25) | 53 (25) | |
| Positive margin | 45 (10) | 21 (9) | 24 (12) | 0.34 |
| Complications | 242 (54) | 139 (58) | 103 (50) | 0.06 |
| Clavien grade ≥3 | 41 (9) | 23 (10) | 18 (9) | 0.71 |
| PF | 87 (20) | 53 (22) | 34 (16) | 0.12 |
| DGE | 68 (15) | 43 (18) | 25 (12) | 0.08 |