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Schematic representation of the domain organization of protein A. Protein A consists of an N-terminal signal sequence (S) followed by up to five IgG-binding domains (E to C), an antigenic variable region (Xr), and a cell wall-spanning region (Xc). The Xc region harbors an LysM domain which can mediate noncovalent binding of proteins to peptidoglycan. The sorting signal comprises an LPETG motif, a hydrophobic membrane-spanning region (M), and a positively charged tail region (+).
