Table 1.
Participant characteristics.
| SZ | HC | Statistic | Significance | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size (N = 72) | 44 | 28 | ||
| DSM-IV-TR diagnosis | ||||
| Schizophrenia, no. (%) | 19 (43) | |||
| Schizoaffective, no. (%) | 23 (52) | |||
| Schizophreniform, No. (%) | 2 (5) | |||
| Age, mean ± SD, y | 38 ± 10 (20-57) | 39 ± 9 (24-54) | p = 0.670 | |
| Female sex, no. (%) | 18 (41) | 11 (39) | χ2 = 0.019 | p = 0.891 |
| Parental education, No. (%)a | 29 (66) | 15 (55) | χ2 = 1.096 | p = 0.295 |
| Illness duration, mean ± SD (range), y | 15 ± 11 (0-36) | |||
| Inpatient hospitalized, No. (%) | 27 (61) | |||
| SAPSb | 35.8 ± 19.1 | |||
| SANSb | 23.5 ± 15.9 | |||
| YMRS | 14.7 ± 8.0 | |||
| MADRS | 14.4 ± 9.3 | |||
| PSYRATS-AHc | 12.7 ± 14.3 | |||
| Fagerstromb | 1.2 ± 2.9 | |||
| Chlorpromazine Equivalent | 580 ± 618 mg | |||
| Antipsychotic-Free, No. (%)d | 2 (5) | |||
| Typical Antipsychotic, No. (%) | 7 (16) | |||
| Haloperidol | 2 (5) | |||
| Fluphenazine | 1 (2) | |||
| Perphenazine | 3 (7) | |||
| Loxapine | 1 (2) | |||
| Atypical Antipsychotic, No. (%) | 39 (89) | |||
| Clozapine | 13 (30) | |||
| Olanzapine | 8 (18) | |||
| Risperidone | 8 (18) | |||
| Paliperidone | 1 (2) | |||
| Quetiapine | 7 (16) | |||
| Aripiprazole | 8 (18) | |||
| Ziprasidone | 1 (2) | |||
| Antiepileptic, no. (%) | 12 (27) | |||
| Lithium, no. (%) | 11 (25) | |||
| Benzodiazepine, no. (%) | 13 (30) | |||
| Antidepressant, no. (%) | 19 (43) |
a
At least one parent with a college degree.
b
Data were missing for 12 patients.
c
Data were missing for eight patients.
d
No patients were antipsychotic-naïve.