Table 1. Principal-Components Factor Analysis of Personality Disorder Symptoms: Varimax Rotation of the Consensus Matrix Across College and Air Force Samples.
| Factor loadings | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
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| Personality disorder symptoms | HN | DA | DET | AM | ANT | OC | STY |
| Antisocial | |||||||
| Lies to people; cons people | .65 | .17 | .14 | .24 | .45 | −.05 | .05 |
| Does things without thinking; doesn't plan ahead | .33 | .43 | .03 | .09 | .63 | .00 | .19 |
| Is irresponsible; can't be counted on to do his/her work | .29 | .39 | .13 | .07 | .64 | −.08 | .11 |
| Gets mad easily and often gets in fights | .44 | −.02 | .12 | .65 | .33 | .12 | −.03 |
| Doesn't feel guilt after hurting someone or stealing | .60 | −.01 | .23 | .39 | .47 | .08 | −.11 |
| Repeatedly gets in trouble with the police | .35 | .01 | .13 | .14 | .65 | −.13 | .09 |
| Has a reckless lack of concern for safety of self or others | .42 | .14 | .12 | .23 | .71 | −.12 | .08 |
| Avoidant | |||||||
| Is reserved or shy when meeting new people because feels inadequate | −.21 | .58 | .57 | −.09 | −.08 | .03 | −.03 |
| Worries that others will criticize or reject him/her | .25 | .76 | .17 | .22 | −.02 | .06 | .15 |
| Thinks that s/he is clumsy, unattractive, or inferior to others | −.14 | .70 | .38 | .11 | .01 | .04 | .14 |
| Is unwilling to do new things because they might be embarrassing | .06 | .64 | .33 | .05 | −.01 | .22 | −.13 |
| Is very inhibited with close friends for fear of being teased | −.01 | .65 | .43 | .12 | −.02 | .11 | .02 |
| Avoids working in teams for fear of criticism or rejection | −.01 | .56 | .60 | .10 | .08 | .06 | .01 |
| Is unwilling to get involved with other people unless certain of being liked | .34 | .57 | .35 | .19 | .01 | .06 | .01 |
| Borderline | |||||||
| Seems to feel empty inside | .02 | .58 | .55 | .22 | −.01 | −.04 | .19 |
| Lacks a fundamental sense of who s/he is | .22 | .72 | .32 | .18 | .12 | .00 | .19 |
| Has strong mood swings in response to events | .36 | .34 | .13 | .62 | .06 | .22 | .21 |
| Has unstable, intense relationships; switches between loving and hating | .61 | .22 | .08 | .41 | .16 | −.03 | .15 |
| Repeatedly attempts (or threatens) suicide or serious self-harm | .04 | .42 | .34 | .34 | .05 | −.12 | .37 |
| Has sudden, even violent outbursts of anger | .39 | .03 | .15 | .65 | .23 | .17 | .03 |
| Will do almost anything to keep from being left alone | .43 | .66 | .01 | .13 | .10 | −.02 | .15 |
| Gets paranoid or acts strange in response to stress | .18 | .42 | .17 | .46 | .10 | .21 | .41 |
| Lives a reckless lifestyle; does dangerous things without planning | .44 | .04 | .07 | .11 | .69 | −.16 | .15 |
| Dependent | |||||||
| Needs to have others take care of him/her | .23 | .74 | .09 | .08 | .22 | .04 | .13 |
| Is unrealistically afraid of being left alone to care for him/herself | .22 | .77 | .11 | .16 | .05 | .00 | .10 |
| After romantic breakup, quickly finds someone else to take care of him/her | .70 | .19 | −.03 | .00 | .13 | −.16 | .15 |
| Feels helpless when left alone; fears not being able to take care of self | .17 | .79 | .13 | .12 | .00 | .01 | .10 |
| Doesn't like to disagree with others because fears rejection | −.02 | .75 | .18 | −.06 | .01 | .09 | .00 |
| Can't make a simple decision without lots of advice | .18 | .76 | −.03 | .10 | .09 | .14 | .12 |
| Is afraid to do things by him/herself | .20 | .80 | .07 | .09 | .08 | .03 | .00 |
| Will do almost anything to get other people to take care of him/her | .40 | .64 | .03 | .13 | .22 | .00 | .11 |
| Histrionic | |||||||
| Has shallow emotions that change rapidly | .66 | .26 | .14 | .42 | .13 | .11 | .08 |
| Talks in a vague way that lacks detail and is hard to understand | .00 | .49 | .40 | .00 | .18 | .16 | .30 |
| Behaves as if “on stage”; exaggerates expressions of emotion | .66 | .16 | −.06 | .18 | .22 | .15 | .29 |
| Is easily influenced by other people (suggestible) | .20 | .79 | .04 | −.02 | .12 | .04 | .04 |
| Considers his/her relationships to be closer than they actually are | .61 | .36 | .04 | .13 | .05 | .03 | .26 |
| Is unhappy when s/he is not the center of attention | .83 | .15 | −.05 | .16 | .17 | .16 | .12 |
| Is inappropriately sexually seductive in interacting with others | .73 | .15 | −.04 | −.01 | .17 | −.18 | .18 |
| Uses physical appearance to draw attention to his/herself | .81 | .16 | −.04 | −.05 | .07 | −.01 | .10 |
| Narcissistic | |||||||
| Preoccupied with gaining unlimited success, power, or beauty | .71 | .17 | .03 | .21 | .09 | .27 | .08 |
| Needs other people to admire him/her | .86 | .22 | −.04 | .11 | .08 | .17 | .07 |
| Is stuck up or “high and mighty” | .79 | −.01 | .12 | .19 | .07 | .30 | −.18 |
| Is not concerned about the feelings or needs of others | .64 | .05 | .30 | .35 | .34 | .18 | −.11 |
| Thinks other people are jealous of him/her | .86 | .07 | .06 | .11 | .08 | .18 | −.08 |
| Feels s/he deserves special favors or treatment | .79 | .17 | .09 | .27 | .11 | .26 | −.04 |
| Thinks s/he is much better than others (without good reason) | .81 | .02 | .12 | .25 | .12 | .27 | −.14 |
| Thinks that s/he is special and should only hang out with special people | .80 | .02 | .10 | .15 | .12 | .19 | −.16 |
| Takes advantage of others with no intention of paying them back | .66 | .13 | .14 | .27 | .44 | .03 | −.09 |
| Is jealous of other people | .51 | .43 | .16 | .40 | .07 | .08 | .02 |
| Obsessive–compulsive | |||||||
| Needs to do such a perfect job that nothing ever gets finished | .17 | .17 | .08 | .18 | −.02 | .60 | .11 |
| Is very rigid and stubborn | .48 | .00 | .19 | .50 | .22 | .45 | −.02 |
| Is very stingy with money | .22 | .11 | .22 | .24 | .15 | .28 | .02 |
| Needs to do everything him/herself because no one else will do it right | .34 | −.03 | .19 | .26 | .01 | .60 | −.02 |
| Can't throw out old things even if they are of no use to him/her | .11 | .28 | .06 | .06 | .22 | .18 | .20 |
| Is much too concerned about details, rules, lists, and schedules | .15 | .12 | .06 | .17 | −.09 | .75 | .04 |
| Works so much that s/he never has fun and has no friends | −.03 | .13 | .43 | .02 | −.07 | .51 | .08 |
| Has very strict and rigid ideas about morals and ethics | .06 | .08 | .07 | .01 | −.08 | .60 | .06 |
| Paranoid | |||||||
| Has frequent doubts about the loyalty of friends; doesn't trust anyone | .25 | .25 | .47 | .50 | .11 | .08 | .08 |
| Doesn't want to tell personal info because it might be used against him/her | .27 | .20 | .45 | .24 | .08 | .21 | .05 |
| Incorrectly believes people are threatening him/her or putting him/her down | .35 | .43 | .17 | .60 | .07 | .15 | .19 |
| Incorrectly believes others are attacking his/her reputation and reacts with anger | .50 | .17 | .16 | .62 | .17 | .17 | .02 |
| Thinks that people are taking advantage of or harming him/her | .26 | .42 | .25 | .57 | .06 | .16 | .21 |
| Is suspicious that his/her sexual partner might be cheating | .42 | .14 | .01 | .13 | .10 | −.06 | .13 |
| Holds grudges for a long time if insulted or injured | .51 | .08 | .19 | .61 | .17 | .20 | −.06 |
| Schizotypal | |||||||
| Incorrectly thinks other people are looking at or talking about him/her | .46 | .50 | .15 | .46 | .07 | .11 | .13 |
| Is superstitious or believes in mind reading | .08 | .17 | .09 | .06 | .19 | .11 | .36 |
| Is odd or peculiar in behavior or appearance | −.01 | .41 | .57 | .04 | .18 | .09 | .42 |
| Shows emotional responses that seem strange or “out of sync” | .19 | .44 | .37 | .39 | .06 | .10 | .49 |
| Has an odd way of thinking; speech sometimes does not make sense | .04 | .42 | .35 | .06 | .20 | .18 | .50 |
| Is nervous around others because s/he doesn't trust them | .03 | .47 | .59 | .25 | .02 | .10 | .09 |
| Seems to see, hear, or experience things differently than others | .12 | .42 | .42 | .19 | .18 | .17 | .49 |
| Is overly suspicious or paranoid | .22 | .49 | .22 | .52 | −.02 | .18 | .24 |
| Schizoid | |||||||
| Has no close friends (other than family)a | −.02 | .44 | .69 | .05 | .01 | .05 | .18 |
| Prefers to do things alone | .04 | .11 | .73 | .02 | .09 | .20 | .05 |
| Doesn't enjoy doing anything | .02 | .39 | .62 | .24 | .14 | .01 | .01 |
| Is cold; doesn't show any feelings | .25 | .00 | .66 | .19 | .15 | .20 | −.12 |
| Doesn't care whether other people praise or criticize him/her | .20 | −.10 | .22 | .09 | .39 | .31 | .09 |
| Doesn't want to be physically or emotionally close to others, even family | .09 | .16 | .63 | .23 | .18 | .04 | .18 |
Note. Factor loadings greater than or equal to .45 are in boldface. Longer items have been abbreviated slightly for convenience of tabular presentation. HN = Histrionic/Narcissistic; DA = Dependent/Avoidant; DET = Detachment; AM = Aggression/Mistrust; ANT = Antisocial; OC = Obsessive-Compulsive; STY = Schizotypal.
a
Also included on Schizotypal PD.