Table 2.
Results of environmental and personal monitoring of glucocorticoids in a pharmaceutical plant (2013).
| Compound | Door handlesa | Door stopsa | Air samplesb | Hand washinga | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 8) | (N = 5) | (N = 5) | (N = 10) | |||||||||
| Min | Max | Mean [Std] |
Min | Max | Mean [Std] |
Min | Max | Mean [Std] |
Min | Max | Mean [Std] |
|
| Beclomethasone dipropionate | 99.8 | 413.3 |
252.7
[145.1] |
193.3 | 3368.1 |
910.0
[1377.7] |
1.8 | 388.2 |
87.2
[168.4] |
26.8 | 833.8 |
258.4
[328.8] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Betamethasone dipropionate | 17.8 | 89.9 |
48.9
[26.8] |
23.8 | 168.0 |
90.8
[56.9] |
<0.1 | <0.1 |
<0.1
[—] |
4.0 | 13.0 |
7.9
[3.5] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Clobetasol 17-propionate | 54.3 | 104.2 |
69.0
[29.2] |
21.7 | 481.0 |
160.2
[186.0] |
<0.1 | 0.9 |
0.2
[0.4] |
11.8 | 33.0 |
19.8
[8.2] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Clocortolone pivalate | 1.9 | 30.4 |
12.1
[11.2] |
1.7 | 77.7 |
26.4
[30.8] |
<0.1 | <0.1 |
<0.1
[—] |
8.0 | 8.0 |
8.0
[—] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Chlormadinone acetate | 8.0 | 64.8 |
32.0
[21.9] |
8.9 | 1219.6 |
298.0
[21.9] |
<0.1 | 1.3 |
0.4
[0.5] |
5.4 | 126.0 |
66.4
[54.4] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Delmadinone acetate | <0.1 | 2.0 |
0.4
[0.9] |
<0.1 | 37.6 |
8.0
[16.5] |
<0.1 | <0.1 |
<0.1
[—] |
10.0 | 10.0 |
10.0
[—] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Desonide | 3.8 | 43.6 |
16.3
[15.8] |
4.5 | 44.0 |
20.6
[15.3] |
<0.1 | <0.1 |
<0.1
[—] |
4.4 | 74.4 |
26.9
[29.8] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Desoximetasone | 2.4 | 16.5 |
10.0
[5.5] |
2.6 | 50.2 |
25.5
[19.2] |
<0.1 | 2.0 |
<0.4
[0.9] |
0.8 | 1074.3 |
220.2
[477.5] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Diflucortolone valerate | 2.9 | 36.3 |
13.6
[13.3] |
4.7 | 90.9 |
38.6
[32.3] |
<0.1 | <0.1 |
<0.1
[—] |
4.0 | 53.8 |
14.5
[22.0] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Exemestane | <0.1 | 1.3 |
0.4
[0.6] |
<0.1 | 41.5 |
8.6
[18.4] |
<0.1 | <0.1 |
<0.1
[—] |
9.0 | 9.0 |
9.0
[—] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Fluocinolone acetonide | 6.7 | 52.1 |
23.2
[17.8] |
5.3 | 47.5 |
24.1
[18.0] |
<0.1 | <0.1 |
<0.1
[—] |
5.0 | 30.0 |
17.0
[11.1] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Fluocinonide | 17.2 | 73.4 |
42.8
[21.2] |
16.5 | 109.4 |
58.9
[39.1] |
<0.1 | 0.7 |
0.2
[0.3] |
7.0 | 59.5 |
26.8
[21.7] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Fluprednidene acetate | 5.9 | 35.2 |
13.7
[12.2] |
5.3 | 79.6 |
32.2
[28.1] |
<0.1 | <0.1 |
<0.1
[—] |
5.0 | 5.4 |
5.1
[0.2] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Halcinonide | <0.1 | 0.5 |
0.2
[0.3] |
<0.1 | 1.2 |
0.5
[0.4] |
<0.1 | <0.1 |
<0.1
[—] |
3.8 | 4.0 |
4.0
[0.1] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Halometasone monohydrate | 1.0 | 7.8 |
4.3
[2.9] |
1.0 | 13.1 |
7.1
[4.8] |
<0.1 | <0.1 |
<0.1
[—] |
13.0 | 13.0 |
13.0
[—] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Hydrocortisone acetate | 3.2 | 32.8 |
14.6
[11.9] |
3.5 | 115.9 |
38.0
[46.2] |
<0.1 | <0.1 |
<0.1
[—] |
2.0 | 2.1 |
2.0
[0.1] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Megestrol acetate | 3.1 | 31.5 |
9.5
[12.3] |
5.3 | 86.6 |
26.8
[33.7] |
<0.1 | 1.7 |
0.4
[0.8] |
5.4 | 86.0 |
22.4
[35.6] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Methylprednisolone acetate | <0.1 | 1.4 |
0.6
[0.7] |
<0.1 | 3.0 |
1.4
[1.4] |
<0.1 | <0.1 |
<0.1
[—] |
23.0 | 23.0 |
23.0
[—] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Mometasone furoate | 7.6 | 270.0 |
93.8
[109.5] |
15.4 | 182.9 |
60.9
[70.4] |
<0.1 | 58.3 |
12.0
[25.9] |
12.0 | 128.8 |
58.6
[47.7] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Prednisolone 17-valerate 21-acetate | 4.4 | 17.1 |
9.3
[5.2] |
1.6 | 22.7 |
10.7
[7.7] |
<0.1 | 21.0 |
4.2
[9.4] |
6.0 | 23.9 |
9.6
[8.0] |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Triamcinolone acetonide | 10.8 | 63.5 |
30.5
[22.5] |
18.8 | 92.1 |
49.9
[30.7] |
<0.1 | <0.1 |
<0.1
[—] |
4.9 | 13.1 |
6.8
[3.6] |
aAbsolute µg.
b µg/m3.