Table 2.
Unadjusted Effect Estimates of Maternal and Child Characteristics with Child Systolic Blood Pressure in Early and Mid-Childhood among 1,103 Mother-Child Pairs.
| Variable | Estimate (95% CI)
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Early Childhood (n=1,031) | Mid-Childhood (n=865) | |
| MOTHERS | ||
| 2nd trimester erythrocyte mercury, ng/g | ||
| First quartile | 0.0 (ref) | 0.0 (ref) |
| Second quartile | 1.1 (−0.9 to 3.0) | −1.3 (−3.1 to 0.5) |
| Third quartile | 1.5 (−0.4 to 3.5) | 0.5 (−1.2 to 2.2) |
| Fourth quartile | 1.3 (−0.5 to 3.2) | −1.1 (−2.9 to 0.6) |
| 2nd trimester DHA + EPA intake, gm/day | 1.8 (−2.4 to 6.0) | 0.6 (−3.0 to 4.2) |
| 2nd trimester fish intake, servings/week | 0.00 (−0.5 to 0.5) | 0.2 (−0.3 to 0.6) |
| 3rd trimester systolic BP, mmHg | 0.1 (0.00 to 0.2) | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.2) |
| Age, n | ||
| <25 years | −2.5 (−5.3 to 0.3) | −0.4 (−2.6 to 1.9) |
| 25 to ≤30 years | 0.6 (−1.3 to 2.4) | 1.4 (−0.2 to 3.0) |
| 30 to ≤35 years | 0.1 (−1.4 to 1.6) | 0.3 (−1.1 to 1.6) |
| ≥ 35 years | 0.0 (ref) | 0.0 (ref) |
| Race/ethnicity, n | ||
| Black | 0.7 (−1.4 to 2.8) | 1.0 (−0.6 to 2.6) |
| Hispanic | 0.7 (−2.3 to 3.6) | −1.9 (−4.5 to 0.7) |
| White | 0.0 (ref) | 0.0 (ref) |
| Other | 0.2 (−2.1 to 2.6) | 0.5 (−1.6 to 2.5) |
| College graduate, n | ||
| No | 0.0 (ref) | 0.0 (ref) |
| Yes | 0.2 (−1.2 to 1.7) | −0.6 (−1.8 to 0.7) |
| Married or cohabitating, n | ||
| No | 0.0 (ref) | 0.0 (ref) |
| Yes | −0.7 (−3.5 to 2.0) | −1.2 (−3.4 to 1.0) |
| Smoking status, n | ||
| Never | 0.0 (ref) | 0.0 (ref) |
| Former | 1.1 (−0.4 to 2.7) | 1.9 (0.5 to 3.3) |
| Smoked during pregnancy | 0.1 (−2.1 to 2.2) | 2.1 (0.1 to 4.0) |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI, kg/m2 | ||
| <25 | 0.0 (ref) | 0.0 (ref) |
| 25 to ≤30 | −0.4 (−2.0 to 1.2) | 1.6 (0.3 to 3.0) |
| ≥30 | 1.1 (−0.9 to 3.1) | 2.7 (1.0 to 4.4) |
| High blood pressure, n | ||
| No | 0.0 (ref) | 0.0 (ref) |
| Yes | 2.7 (−0.3 to 5.7) | 5.6 (3.0 to 8.2) |
| 2nd trimester fish consumption, servings/week | ||
| 0 | −1.1 (−3.5 to 1.2) | 0.8 (−1.3 to 2.8) |
| >0 to ≤2 | −0.9 (−2.5 to 0.7) | 0.3 (−1.1 to 1.7) |
| >2 | 0.0 (ref) | 0.0 (ref) |
|
| ||
| CHILDREN | ||
| Gestation length, weeks | −0.5 (−1.0 to −0.1) | −0.4 (−0.8 to 0.0) |
| Fetal growth, z-score | −0.2 (−0.8 to 0.5) | −0.1 (−0.7 to 0.4) |
| Breast feeding duration, months | 0.0 (−0.2 to 0.1) | 0.0 (−0.2 to 0.1) |
| First born, n | ||
| No | 0.0 (ref) | 0.0 (ref) |
| Yes | 1.3 (0.0 to 2.6) | 0.5 (−0.7 to 1.6) |
| Female | ||
| No | 0.0 (ref) | 0.0 (ref) |
| Yes | −0.5 (−1.8 to 0.7) | −0.2 (−1.3 to 1.0) |
| Characteristics at outcome visit | ||
| Age, months | 0.2 (0.0 to 0.3) | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.2) |
| Height, cm | 0.4 (0.3 to 0.6) | 0.3 (0.3 to 0.4) |
| Weight, kg | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.4) | 0.5 (0.4 to 0.5) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 1.2 (0.8 to 1.6) | 1.0 (0.8 to 1.2) |
| BMI, z-score | 1.7 (1.1 to 2.4) | 2.7 (2.1 to 3.2) |
DHA + EPA, docosahexaenoic acid+eicosapentaenoic acid