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. 2015 Mar 18;10(3):e0119814. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119814

Table 1. Patterns of smokeless tobacco use among women by type of user, and by specific product of use among single users.

Patterns of Smokeless Tobacco use Sample percent (N = 409) Types of smokeless tobacco p value ^
Single Users (N = 261) Poly Users # N = 148%
Mishri N = 79% Pan with tobacco N = 84% Chewed Tobacco N = 29% Gul N = 43% Gutkha N = 26%
Type of user
Single 63.8
Poly 36.2
Frequency in a day (times) <0.001
1–2 25.7 38.0 42.9 3.4 46.5 34.6 6.1
3–4 34.0 44.3 38.1 41.4 37.2 26.9 25.0
5 and above 40.3 17.7 19.0 55.3 16.3 38.5 68.9
Amount of tobacco consumed in a day (grams)1 <0.001
<5 gms 47.3 30.3 100.00 44.8 41.9 34.6 30.4
> = 5 gms 52.7 69.7 55.2 58.1 65.4 69.6
Tobacco kept in mouth <0.001
<5 min 25.4 32.9 14.3 41.4 67.4 19.2 13.5
5–10 min 39.4 26.6 48.8 27.6 25.6 34.6 48.0
11–15 min 20.5 19.0 21.4 24.1 4.7 19.2 25.0
>15 min 14.7 21.5 15.4 6.8 2.3 26.9 13.5
Use of tobacco after getting up in morning <0.001
≤ 5 min 18.3 44.3 1.2 48.3 51.2 11.5 0.0
6–30 min 17.1 20.3 8.3 10.3 20.9 11.5 21.6
31–60 min 27.9 7.6 16.7 13.8 9.3 11.5 56.1
> 60 min 36.7 27.8 73.8 27.6 18.6 65.4 22.3
Product brought from market by <0.001
Self 64.3 82.9 58.3 72.4 62.8 84.6 52.7
Children 22.0 11.8 20.2 10.3 14.0 7.7 35.8
Other family members including husband 13.7 5.2 21.4 17.2 23.3 7.7 11.5
Native place <0.001
Maharashtra 19.8 75.9 2.4 10.3 2.3 19.2 6.8
Uttar Pradesh 70.9 21.5 95.2 65.5 83.7 57.7 83.1
Other State 9.3 2.5 2.4 24.1 14.0 23.1 10.1

# The distribution of SLT use among poly users—Mishri (35/148 = 24%), Pan with tobacco (112/148 = 76%), Chewed tobacco (75/148 = 51%), Gul (65/148 = 44%), Gutkha (50/148 = 34%)

^ Chi-sq test for association between independent variable and the type of user (single/poly user)