Table 1. Baseline characteristics according to serum MCP-1 level among coronary artery disease patients.
| Baseline serum MCP-1 level | P for difference | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <33.3% | 33.3 to <66.7% | ≥66.7 | ||
| MCP-1 (pg/mL) | <200.4 (male)<231.1 (female) | 200.4–354.5 (male)231.1–360.6 (female) | >354.5 (male)>360.6 (female) | |
| No. of participants (%) | 470 | 468 | 473 | |
| Male (%) | 65.3 | 65.4 | 65.1 | 1.00 |
| Age at baseline (yrs) | 62.7 (0.5) | 64.6 (0.5) | 65.1 (0.5) | 0.002 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.9 (0.2) | 23.9 (0.2) | 23.9 (0.2) | 0.97 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 6.70 (0.12) | 6.36 (0.12) | 6.32 (0.12) | 0.04 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 135 (1.0) | 134 (1.0) | 134 (1.0) | 0.84 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 77 (0.6) | 77 (0.6) | 76 (0.6) | 0.27 |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.00 (0.05) | 2.93 (0.05) | 3.01 (0.05) | 0.32 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.10 (0.01) | 1.07 (0.01) | 1.06 (0.01) | 0.06 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 5.72 (1.24–17.3) | 2.55 (0.75–10.2) | 3.33 (1.15–10.6) | <0.001 |
| Duration of CAD (yrs) | ||||
| First diagnosed CAD (n = 767) | - | - | - | |
| History of CAD (n = 644) | 2.91 (0.87–8.03) | 2.53 (0.70–7.50) | 2.96 (0.75–8.00) | 0.83 |
| Married (%) | 92.0 | 90.7 | 91.3 | 0.85 |
| Years of education (%) | 0.67 | |||
| ≤9 | 62.3 | 62.3 | 61.7 | |
| 10–12 | 22.1 | 18.7 | 19.6 | |
| ≥13 | 15.6 | 19.0 | 18.6 | |
| Smoking (%) | 0.63 | |||
| Never | 60.2 | 61.5 | 62.7 | |
| Past | 8.8 | 10.9 | 9.0 | |
| Current | 31.0 | 27.6 | 28.4 | |
| Alcohol drinking (%) | 0.80 | |||
| Never | 77.3 | 77.1 | 80.5 | |
| Past | 7.6 | 7.8 | 6.2 | |
| Current | 15.0 | 15.1 | 13.3 | |
| Leisure-time physical activity (%) | 0.70 | |||
| None | 35.6 | 32.0 | 32.7 | |
| <30 minutes/day | 22.7 | 21.6 | 20.8 | |
| ≥30 minutes/day | 41.7 | 46.3 | 46.5 | |
| Type of CAD (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Acute coronary syndrome | 68.5 | 53.2 | 55.2 | |
| Chronic CAD | 31.5 | 46.8 | 44.8 | |
| No. of diseased vessels in coronary angiography (n = 914) | 0.32 | |||
| 0 | 6.8 | 6.0 | 8.3 | |
| One-vessel disease | 24.4 | 22.4 | 17.4 | |
| Two-vessel disease | 23.4 | 23.7 | 20.2 | |
| Three-vessel disease | 45.5 | 47.8 | 54.1 | |
| Glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73m2), (%) | <0.001 | |||
| ≥90 | 36.5 | 27.1 | 24.2 | |
| 60–89 | 45.1 | 49.1 | 48.9 | |
| 30–59 | 17.4 | 22.1 | 22.4 | |
| 15–29 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 3.1 | |
| <15 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 1.3 | |
| History of diseases (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 61.1 | 61.5 | 59.0 | 0.70 |
| Diabetes | 23.0 | 20.1 | 27.1 | 0.04 |
| Dyslipidemia | 29.1 | 31.4 | 31.1 | 0.72 |
| Heart failure | 48.7 | 37.8 | 41.9 | 0.003 |
| Use of medication before admission (%) | ||||
| Anti-diabetic drugs | 15.0 | 15.0 | 19.6 | 0.10 |
| Antihypertensive drugs | 48.1 | 52.8 | 52.3 | 0.28 |
| ACE inhibitors | 20.7 | 14.2 | 15.5 | 0.02 |
| Angiotensin II antagonists | 18.6 | 22.7 | 21.0 | 0.29 |
| Calcium antagonists | 25.2 | 24.7 | 24.2 | 0.93 |
| β-blockers | 29.1 | 30.0 | 29.9 | 0.94 |
| Diuretics | 7.5 | 7.9 | 8.9 | 0.72 |
| Lipid-lowering drugs | 11.8 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 0.34 |
| Anti-platelet drugs | 18.4 | 24.9 | 25.0 | 0.02 |
| Treatment of CAD (%) | ||||
| Coronary artery bypass graft | 3.0 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 0.72 |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention | 60.6 | 51.9 | 53.1 | 0.01 |
Continuous data are reported as mean (standard error) if normally distributed and median (25th, 75th percentile) if non-normally distributed, categorical data are reported as percentages. All normally distributed continuous variables are adjusted for age.
MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; CAD, coronary artery disease.