Fig 5. Strong ligation with HDMAPP induces IFN-γ production by Vγ9Vδ2 T cells from obese donors.

Influenza virus was added to PBMC from non-obese (NOD) and obese (OD) subjects to induce IFN-γ production by Vδ2⁺ T cells and assess the level of IFN-γ production by various memory subsets. (A) Representative plots showing IFN-γ production by Vδ2⁺ cells from the PBMC of NOD and OD without infection or following virus infection. Cells were analyzed as naïve, central memory (CM), effector memory (EM) and T effector memory RA⁺ (TEMRA) subsets based on CD27 and CD45RA expression (B) Compilation of four separate experiments illustrating IFN-γ cytokine production by Vδ2 T cells. Lines connect paired donor sets for each experiment. Circles represent NOD and squares represent OD. (C-D) The Vγ9Vδ2 T cell ligand HDMAPP was added to PBMC from non-obese (NOD) and obese (OD) subjects to induce IFN-γ production by Vδ2⁺ T cells (C) Representative plots showing IFN-γ production by Vδ2⁺ cells from the PBMC of NOD and OD without infection, following virus infection, or upon activation with HDMAPP. (D) Compilation of HDMAPP stimulation in five separate donor sets with standard deviation. Mean percent of Vδ2⁺ CD3⁺ gated cells producing IFN-γ from NOD and OD. (E) Representative plots of PBMC from NOD and OD stimulated with or without PMA and ionomycin. Experiments are representative of at least three donor sets. P-values calculated from Pearson’s unpaired Student’s t-test.