Ref (type)	Population	Outcome, Interventions	Results and statistical analysis	Effect size	Favours
Adverse effects
RCT 3-armed trial	760 people with a history of gout, mean age 52 years, 96% male In review	Deaths 0/253 (0%) with allopurinol 2/256 (0.8%) with febuxostat 80 mg 2/251 (0.8%) with febuxostat 120 mg	P = 0.31		Not significant
Systematic review	People with preliminary ACR criteria for gout and serum uric acid 8.0mg/dL or higher Data from 1 RCT	Proportion of people with serious adverse effects at 24 weeks 19/757 (3%) with febuxostat 40 mg 31/756 (4%) with allopurinol	RR 0.61 95% CI 0.35 to 1.07		Not significant
Systematic review	People with preliminary ACR criteria for gout and serum uric acid 8.0mg/dL or higher Data from 1 RCT	Proportion of people with skin reaction at 24 weeks 44/757 (6%) with febuxostat 40 mg 55/756 (7%) with allopurinol	RR 0.8 95% CI 0.54 to 1.17		Not significant
Systematic review	People with preliminary ACR criteria for gout and serum uric acid 8.0 mg/dL or higher 3 RCTs in this analysis	Proportion of people with serious adverse effects at 24–28 or 52 weeks 50/1279 (4%) with febuxostat 80 mg 57/1277 (5%) with allopurinol	RR 0.88 95% CI 0.55 to 1.42		Not significant
Systematic review	People with preliminary ACR criteria for gout and serum uric acid 8.0 mg/dL or higher 3 RCTs in this analysis	Proportion of people with skin reaction at 24–28 or 52 weeks 57/1279 (5%) with febuxostat 80 mg 73/1277 (6%) with allopurinol	RR 0.78 95% CI 0.56 to 1.09		Not significant
Systematic review	People with preliminary ACR criteria for gout and serum uric acid 8.0 mg/dL or higher 3 RCTs in this analysis	Proportion of people with hypertension at 24–28 or 52 weeks 13/1279 (1.0%) with febuxostat 80 mg 3/1277 (0.2%) with allopurinol	RR 4.35 95% CI 1.25 to 15.09	Moderate effect size	allopurinol
Systematic review	People with preliminary ACR criteria for gout and serum uric acid 8.0 mg/dL or higher 2 RCTs in this analysis	Proportion of people with serious adverse effects at 28 or 52 weeks 30/520 (6%) with febuxostat 120 mg 26/521 (5%) with allopurinol	RR 1.16 95% CI 0.70 to 1.93		Not significant
Systematic review	People with preliminary ACR criteria for gout and serum uric acid 8.0 mg/dL or higher 2 RCTs in this analysis	Proportion of people with skin reaction at 28 or 52 weeks 18/520 (3.5%) with febuxostat 120 mg 18/521 (3.5%) with allopurinol	RR 1.00 95% CI 0.53 to 1.89		Not significant
Systematic review	People with preliminary ACR criteria for gout and serum uric acid 8.0 mg/dL or higher 2 RCTs in this analysis	Proportion of people with cardiovascular adverse effects at 28 or 52 weeks 5/520 (1.0%) with febuxostat 120 mg 1/521 (0.2%) with allopurinol	Risk difference 0.01 95% CI 0.00 to 0.02	Effect size not calculated	allopurinol
Systematic review	People with preliminary ACR criteria for gout and serum uric acid 8.0 mg/dL or higher Data from 1 RCT	Proportion of people with serious adverse effects at 28 weeks 5/134 (4%) with febuxostat 240 mg 7/268 (3%) with allopurinol	RR 1.43 95% CI 0.46 to 4.42		Not significant
Systematic review	People with preliminary ACR criteria for gout and serum uric acid 8.0 mg/dL or higher Data from 1 RCT	Proportion of people with skin reaction at 28 weeks 6/134 (4.5%) with febuxostat 240 mg 14/268 (5.2%) with allopurinol	RR 0.86 95% CI 0.34 to 2.18		Not significant
Systematic review	People with preliminary ACR criteria for gout and serum uric acid 8.0mg/dL or higher Data from 1 RCT	Proportion of people with hypertension at 28 weeks 6/134 (5%) with febuxostat 240 mg 3/268 (1%) with allopurinol	RR 4.0 95% CI 1.02 to 15.75	Moderate effect size	allopurinol
Systematic review	People with preliminary ACR criteria for gout and serum uric acid 8.0 mg/dL or higher Data from 1 RCT	Proportion of people with diarrhoea at 28 weeks 18/134 (13%) with febuxostat 240 mg 17/268 (6%) with allopurinol	RR 2.12 95% CI 1.13 to 3.97	Moderate effect size	allopurinol