Figure 3.
Effect of different management strategies of solid waste on cumulative N2O-N emissions (a), cumulative NH3-N emissions (b), and overall N losses (c) in relation to conventional management (solid storage). Turning: turned composting; forced aeration: forced aerated composting; covering: covering the pile with a plastic sheet; compaction: increasing density; bulking agent: addition/substitution of bulking agent; additives: addition of specific additives to minimize emissions. Mean effect values and 95% confidence intervals are shown. Numbers above indicate studies and aggregated pair comparisons (in parentheses).