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. 2015 Mar 12;9:1511–1554. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S75976

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© 2015 Zhou et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License

The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.

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PLB-induced autophagic cell death in PC-3 and DU145 cells.

Notes: Flow cytometric plots (A) and bar graphs (B) showing the percentage of autophagic PC-3 and DU145 cells treated with PLB at 0.1 μM, 1 μM, and 5 μM for 24 hours. Flow cytometric plots (C) and bar graphs (D) showing the percentage of autophagic cells in PC-3 and DU145 cells treated with PLB at 5 μM over 48 hours. (E) Confocal microscopic images showing autophagy in PC-3 and DU145 cells treated with PLB at 0.1 μM, 1 μM, and 5 μM for 24 hours (stained in green). The level of autophagy was evaluated using the autophagic vacuole-specific green fluorescent dye, Cyo-ID^®. (F) Confocal microscopic images showing autophagy in PC-3 and DU145 cells treated with PLB at 5 μM over 48 hours (stained in green). (G) Bar graphs showing the percentage of autophagic PC-3 and DU145 cells treated with PLB at 0.1 μM, 1 μM, and 5 μM for 24 hours or PLB at 5 μM for 48 hours. Data represent the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *P<0.05; **P<0.01; and ***P<0.001 by one-way ANOVA.

Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; PLB, plumbagin; SD, standard deviation.

PLB-induced autophagic cell death in PC-3 and DU145 cells.

Notes: Flow cytometric plots (A) and bar graphs (B) showing the percentage of autophagic PC-3 and DU145 cells treated with PLB at 0.1 μM, 1 μM, and 5 μM for 24 hours. Flow cytometric plots (C) and bar graphs (D) showing the percentage of autophagic cells in PC-3 and DU145 cells treated with PLB at 5 μM over 48 hours. (E) Confocal microscopic images showing autophagy in PC-3 and DU145 cells treated with PLB at 0.1 μM, 1 μM, and 5 μM for 24 hours (stained in green). The level of autophagy was evaluated using the autophagic vacuole-specific green fluorescent dye, Cyo-ID^®. (F) Confocal microscopic images showing autophagy in PC-3 and DU145 cells treated with PLB at 5 μM over 48 hours (stained in green). (G) Bar graphs showing the percentage of autophagic PC-3 and DU145 cells treated with PLB at 0.1 μM, 1 μM, and 5 μM for 24 hours or PLB at 5 μM for 48 hours. Data represent the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *P<0.05; **P<0.01; and ***P<0.001 by one-way ANOVA.

Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; PLB, plumbagin; SD, standard deviation.