Table 2. Uni- and multivariate logistic regression models showing the association between low-quality control of INR and Charlson Comorbidity Index ≥ 3 adjusted for clinical characteristics (n = 2164).
| Characteristics | Unadjusted model | Fully adjusted model* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | CI 95% | p-value | OR | CI 95% | p-value | |
| Age | 1.010 | [0.99; 1.03] | p = 0.370 | 1.014 | [0.99; 1.04] | p = 0.305 |
| Female sex | 0.948 | [0.76; 1.18] | p = 0.634 | 0.984 | [0.75; 1.28] | p = 0.907 |
| Hemorrhagic event | 2.023 | [1.14; 3.60] | p = 0.016 | 3.151 | [1.64; 6.07] | p = 0.001 |
| Number of concomitant medications | 1.007 | [0.97; 1.04] | p = 0.699 | 0.988 | [0.95; 1.03] | p = 0.576 |
| Hospitalization | 1.795 | [1.46; 2.21] | p < 0.001 | 1.614 | [1.21; 2.14] | p = 0.001 |
| Associated treatments | ||||||
| Antifungals | 1.731 | [1.06; 2.82] | p = 0.028 | 1.605 | [0.86; 3.01] | p = 0.140 |
| Antibiotics | 1.385 | [0.98; 1.95] | p = 0.061 | 1.399 | [0.91; 2.14] | p = 0.122 |
| Acetaminophen | 0.981 | [0.80; 1.20] | p = 0.854 | 0.930 | [0.72; 1.20] | p = 0.577 |
| PPI | 1.244 | [1.01; 1.53] | p = 0.037 | 1.201 | [0.93; 1.55] | p = 0.159 |
| SRI | 0.696 | [0.55; 0.87] | p = 0.002 | 0.780 | [0.59; 1.02] | p = 0.074 |
| Statin | 0.905 | [0.70; 1.16] | p = 0.438 | 0.802 | [0.59; 1.10] | p = 0.168 |
| Associated comorbidities | ||||||
| CCI ≥ 3 | 1.209 | [0.99; 1.48] | p = 0.068 | 1.487 | [1.15; 1.91] | p = 0.002 |
| Falls twice or more in a year | 1.288 | [1.03; 1.62] | p = 0.029 | 1.263 | [0.957–1.67] | p = 0.099 |
| Kidney failure | ||||||
| CrCl <30 ml/min | 1.278 | [1.02; 1.61] | p = 0.036 | Ref † | - | - |
| 30 < CrCl < 60 ml/min | 0.853 | [0.70; 1.04] | p = 0.123 | 0.759 | [0.56; 1.02] | p = 0.068 |
| CrCl >60 ml/min | 0.953 | [0.75; 1.23] | p = 0.760 | 0.937 | [0.65; 1.35] | p = 0.730 |
| VKA treatment duration | ||||||
| ≤ 3 months | 1.738 | [1.16; 2.61] | p = 0.008 | Ref † | - | - |
| Between 3 and 12 months | 1.109 | [0.75; 1.62] | p = 0.595 | 0.673 | [0.37; 1.21] | p = 0.188 |
| ≥ 12 months | 0.717 | [1.54; 0.96] | p = 0.025 | 0.634 | [0.39; 1.02] | p = 0.059 |
*: based on logistic regression model with P significant ≤0.05; Significant P-value (i.e. ≤0.05) or OR indicated in bold
†: Score = 1 used as reference level
OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence Interval; INR: international normalized ratio; PPI: proton pump inhibitors; SRI: Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index; CrCl: creatinine clearance according to the Cockcroft-Gault formula; VKA: vitamin K antagonist