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. 2015 Mar 5;6:6456. doi: 10.1038/ncomms7456

Figure 5. Gene expression and tumour size after a single administration by direct injection.

Figure 5

(a) The p53 mRNA expression after direct injection; comparing PBS, plasmid DNA only, bPEI25K/DNA-complex and DNA-complex 48 h post injection (*P<0.00015; #P=0.01; based on a two-tailed t-test, assuming unequal variances). Results show the mean of the measurements conducted in sextuplicate±s.d. (b) Protein levels of p53 and KillerRed in tumour 2 days after the direct injection of various complex formulations containing 10 μg pCMV-p53 and 10 μg pKillerRed-mem via the four delivery methods. Whole-tumour lysates were extracted and western blot analysis was performed using anti-p53 and KillerRed antibodies. β-actin protein was used as an internal standard. Total mRNA was isolated and determined for p53 by quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR analysis. (c) Effect of pH-targeting and control complexes on tumour volumes by direct injection. Mice were injected with various complex formulations and H1299 subcutaneous tumour volumes were measured (*P<0.00015; **P=0.013; ##P>0.1.; based on a two-tailed t-test, assuming unequal variances). Right panel: representative samples of H1299 tumours excised on day 8 after a single treatment administration. Scale bar, 5 mm. All results show the mean of the measurements conducted in sextuplicate±s.d. (d) Body weight of mice over time in response to the treatments of various complex formulations by direct injection. Results show mean of measurements conducted in sextuplicate±s.d.