Fig. 4.

En signaling at the growth cone. En is internalized by the growth cone. Within the growth cone it stimulates translation of Ndufs3, a protein of complex I of mitochondria. This activates ATP synthesis, which in turn is externalized into the extracellular space and there it is hydrolyzed to adenosine. Adenosine activates the A1R receptor, which acts synergistically with Ephrin signaling perhaps via adenylate cyclase to cause growth cone collapse and arrest in the oTe/SC. Figure based on [143]. See text for references