Table 2.
Outcomes of HCV testing interventions in sixteen studies included in the systematic review
| Primary author, year | Study group | Time period | Number in eligible population | Number tested | Number HCV antibody positive | Number tested to detect one case | Number referred | Number attended | Number started treatment | Number achieved SVR | Estimated HCV prevalence (range)b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anderson [28] | Intervention | 2003–2004 | 584 | 117 | 15 | 8 | 11 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 7.7 % (2.6–12.8 %) |
| Comparison | 2003–2004 | 458 | 0 | 0 | No cases | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Cullen [25] | Intervention | NA | 104 | 51 | 73a | NA | 44 | 37 | 5 | – | NA (70.2 % to NA) |
| Comparison | NA | 92 | 25 | 41a | NA | 13 | 9 | 1 | – | ||
| Cullen [29] | Intervention | 2007 | 485 | 105 | 74 | 1 | 31 | 22 | 4 | 2 | 42.9 % (15.3–70.5 %) |
| Comparison | 2007 | 528 | 36 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||
| Defossez [21] | Intervention | 2003 | 1,677,855 | 20,920 | 307 | 68 | – | – | – | – | 0.7 % (0.0–1.5 %) |
| Comparison | 1997 | 1,640,453 | 6,168 | 196 | 31 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Helsper [30] | Intervention | 2007–2008 | 269,125 | 172 | 3 | 57 | – | – | – | – | 0.9 % (0.0–1.7 %) |
| Comparison | 2007–2008 | 266,678 | 118 | 1 | 118 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Helsper [22] (a) | Intervention | 2007–2008 | 166,315 | 118 | 1 | 118 | – | – | – | – | 0.4 % (0.0–0.8 %) |
| Comparison | 2007 | 166,315 | 86 | 0 | No cases | – | – | – | – | ||
| Helsper [22] (b) | Intervention | 2007–2008 | 5,000 | 186 | 57 | 3 | – | – | – | – | 15.9 % (1.1–30.6 %) |
| Comparison | 2007 | 5,000 | ~ 0 | NA | NA | – | – | – | – | ||
| Hickman [26] | Intervention | 2004–2005 | 6,550 | 791 | 216 | 4 | – | – | – | – | 15.3 % (3.3–27.3 %)c |
| Comparison | 2004–2005 | 5,800 | 243 | 104 | 2 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Lacey [32] | Intervention | 2002–2003 | 402 | 71 | 14 | 5 | – | – | – | – | 11.6 % (3.5–19.7 %) |
| Comparison | 2002 | 430 | 40 | NA | NA | – | – | – | – | ||
| Lewis [31] | Intervention | NA | 1,163 | 229 | 5 | 45 | 5 | 5 | 2 | – | 1.3 % (0.4–2.2 %) |
| Comparison | NA | 1,134 | 17 | 0 | No cases | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | ||
| Litwin [23] (a) | Intervention | 2008–2009 | 8,981 | 1,179 | 62 | 19 | – | – | – | – | 3.0 % (0.7–5.3 %) |
| Comparison | 2008 | 6,591 | 394 | 36 | 11 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Litwin [23] (b) | Intervention | 2009 | 10,165 | 1,008 | 59 | 17 | – | – | – | – | 3.2 % (0.6–5.9 %) |
| Comparison | 2008 | 6,591 | 394 | 36 | 11 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Roudot-Thorval [27] | Intervention | 1997–1998 | ~94,000 | 294 | 10 | 29 | – | – | – | – | 1.7 % (0.0–3.4 %) |
| Comparison | 1997–1998 | ~90,000 | 323 | 15 | 22 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Sahajian [33] | Intervention | 2000–2001 | 1.5 m | 15,952 | 276 | 58 | – | – | – | – | 0.9 % (0.0–1.7 %) |
| Comparison | 1999–2000 | 1.5 m | 13,799 | 231 | 60 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Sahajian [24] (a) | Intervention | 2007–2009 | 222 | 95 | 3 | 32 | – | – | – | – | 2.3 % (1.4–3.2 %) |
| Comparison | 2007–2009 | 811 | 12 | 0 | No cases | – | – | – | – | ||
| Sahajian [24] (b) | Intervention | 2007–2009 | 784 | 145 | 4 | 36 | – | – | – | – | 1.6 % (0.5–2.8 %) |
| Comparison | 2007–2009 | 811 | 12 | 0 | No cases | – | – | – | – |
NA not available
aPatients testing HCV positive during the time period of the study but in non-study settings were included; therefore the number of positive tests exceeds the total number tested
bEstimated as the mid-point between the lowest possible prevalence (number HCV antibody positive/number eligible) and the highest likely prevalence (number HCV antibody positive/number tested) in the intervention group
cHickman et al. targeted both drug users and prisoners: estimated HCV prevalence among drug users was 16.8 %, and among prisoners was 13.7 %