Table 3.
Association of Dietary Potassium Intake With Measures of Glucose Tolerance, Insulin Sensitivity, and Beta-Cell Function Among CHS Participants Enrolled During 1989–1990 (n = 3,730)
| Adjusted Mean Difference in Measure by Dietary Potassium Concentration* (mg/d) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤2,518 (n = 976) | >2,518–3,191.3 (n = 979) | >3,191.3–3,962.2 (n = 967) | >3,962.2 (n = 960) | p trend | Per Standard Deviation Decrease† | |
| 2-h glucose (mg/dL) | 3.95 (−2.41, 10.32) | 1.29 (−3.79, 6.36) | 0.94 (−3.36, 5.23) | Ref. | .24 | 0.18 (−2.82, 3.17) |
| Fasting insulin (IU/mL) | 0.93 (−0.03, 1.89) | 0.66 (−0.11, 1.42) | 0.48 (−.17, 1.12) | Ref. | .07 | 0.70 (0.26, 1.15) |
| Matsuda ISI | −0.61 (−0.94, −0.29) | −.42 (−0.68, −0.16) | −0.18 (−.39, 0.04) | Ref. | <.001 | −0.29 (−0.44, −0.14) |
| Gutt index | −5.45 (−8.93, −1.97) | −3.52 (−6.29, −0.74) | −1.53 (−3.88, 0.82) | Ref. | .001 | −2.20 (−3.84, −0.56) |
| Stumvoll β-cell function index (pmol/L) | 105.7 (18.9, 192.6) | 98.0 (28.6, 167.3) | 38.2 (−20.4, 96.8) | Ref. | .007 | 83.9 (43.1, 124.6) |
Notes: *Adjusted for age, race (black, nonblack), sex, clinic site, BMI, waist circumference, physical activity, smoking (never, former, current), alcoholic drinks per week (0, <7, 7+), systolic BP, ACE-I use, beta-blocker use, diuretic use, diet score, and total energy intake.
†Standard deviation of dietary potassium = 3,294mg/d.