WT and Traf4 –/– mice were injected with IL-25 (5μg per mouse) via intra-tracheal administration. After 4 days (a) Total cellularity recovered from bronchial-aveolar lavage fluid was enumerated. (b) Cell differential from BAL determined by Wright-Geimsa stain. M, macrophage, N, neutrophil, E, eosinophil, L, lymphocyte. (c) IL-25-treated lungs were fixed in formalin and stained with H&E and PAS/AB, shown are representative images. (d) Lung tissue RNA profile for the indicated genes from treated and untreated mice as determined by RT-qPCR normalized to β-actin. (e) ELISA for IL-5 and IL-13 from the BAL fluid of untreated and treated mice. (f) WT and Traf4–/– mice were administered IL-17A (5 μg/mouse) via intratracheal route, 24 hours later, BAL fluid was collected and total cellularity determined. (g) Cell differential from BAL fluid from (f). (h) Lung tissue RNA was extracted and RT-qPCR was performed for the indicated gene normalized to β-actin. Results shown are representative data with n=4-5 mice per experimental group from 2 independently performed experiments, error bars represent ± SEM, * indicates p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001.