Table 3.

Primary Outcomes – Child and Parent Preoperative Anxiety

	WebTIPS Mean ± SD	Control Mean ± SD	p-value	95% CI of Mean Difference	Cohen’s d
Child mYPAS	(n = 33)	(n = 41)
Separation to OR	36.4 ± 12.7	40.7 ± 16.6	0.23	−2.7 to 11.2	0.29
Entrance to OR	36.2 ± 14.1	46.0 ± 19.0	0.02	1.9 to 17.7	0.59
Introduction of Mask	43.5 ± 21.7	57.0 ± 21.2	0.01	3.5 to 23.5	0.63
Parent STAI	(n = 38)	(n = 42)
Preoperative Holding	32.7 ± 7.9	36.8 ± 7.1	0.004	0.7 to 7.4	0.65
Separation to OR	43.8 ± 13.4	47.2 ± 12.8	0.26	−2.5 to 9.2	0.25

Note. mYPAS = modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale; OR = Operating Room; STAI = State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. CI = Confidence Interval; webTIPS = Web-based Tailored Intervention for Preparation of parents and children undergoing Surgery mYPAS data are missing from 8 participants due to inability to access OR; STAI data are missing from 3 parents due to lack of time to complete measure.

Independent samples t-tests were used to analyze group differences.

Due to non-normality of data, child mYPAS data were also analyzed using median comparison with equivalent results for separation to OR (p = 0.47), entrance to OR (p = 0.01), and introduction of mask (p = 0.03).