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Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation.
SL, Self-ligating group; CL, conventional group; IMPA, the angle of mandibular incisor to mandibular plane; I-NB, the angle and/or distance of mandibular incisor to N-B line (Nasion-B point).
Mean value by paired t-test; p-value by Student's t-test.
*p < 0.05; †p < 0.01; ‡p < 0.001.
