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. 2015 Mar 5;4(4):320–332. doi: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0214

Figure 5.

Figure 5.

Reprogramming PB MNCs in a serum-free and xeno-free cell culture condition. (A): A schematic diagram to highlight the use of human albumin to replace 0.5% bovine serum albumin in SFM and 10% fetal bovine serum in the medium used between days 2 and 3. (B): Improved vector combination and the xeno-free reprogramming protocol showed consistently high reprogramming efficiency in 27 samples. (C): Pluripotency marker staining of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells derived under xeno- and feeder-free conditions from donor X057. Scale bars = 200 μm. (D): In vivo pluripotency test via teratoma formation. Cells derived from endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm germ layers were found. Scale bars = 200 μm. (E): A normal karyotype of expanded iPS cells from donor X057 (46, XX), at passage 15. Abbreviations: BMP4, bone morphogenetic protein 4; DMEM, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium; GBX, modified vector expressing GFP and BCL-XL; HuA, human albumin; MMK, modified vector expressing c-MYC and KLF4; MNCs, mononuclear cells; MOS, modified vector expressing OCT4 and SOX2; NaB, sodium butyrate; PB, peripheral blood; SFM, serum-free medium; VTN, vitronectin.