Table 1. Parameters predicting the recurrence after complete resection for patients with NSCLC in the literature.
| Parameters | Significance |
|---|---|
| Clinical parameters | |
| High CEA, lymphatic permeation, and pleural invasion | High CEA level, lymphatic permeation, pleural invasion and, perioperative transfusion were proven to be independent factors for overall recurrence |
| Histological differentiation, vessel invasion, and visceral pleural invasion | Histological differentiation, vessel invasion, and visceral pleural invasion in stage I and AD histology and visceral pleural invasion in stage IIN0 and stage IIN1 were shown to be independent significant risk factors for recurrence |
| Intratumoral vascular invasion and nodal involvement | Intratumoral vascular invasion and nodal involvement significantly influenced recurrence five years after complete resection |
| Intratumoral blood vessel invasion | Independent prognostic factor in poor DF |
| SUV | Patients with high max SUV and LVI were more likely to have recurrence |
| Number of LNs | Systematic sampling and complete MLNs dissection were associated with improved survival in comparison to random LNs sampling |
| PS, and symptoms at recurrence, liver recurrence, stage IIB or worse, and multiple recurrences | Strongly associated with post-recurrence survival |
| Molecular parameters | |
| KRAS and Ki-67 | Excellent prognostic marker to predict the postoperative recurrence of stage I AD |
| Ki-67 | Ki-67 expression was independently associated with an increased risk of poor DFS |
| MIB-1 and Bcl-2 | The mitosis count and MIB-1 expression significantly correlated with recurrence and Bcl-2 tumors had a poor outcome |
| p16 and CDH1 | Methylation of the promoter regions of p16 and CDH13 in both tumor and MLNs were associated with recurrence for patients with stage I NSCLC |
| MACC | MACC1 gene amplification may be a useful marker for predicting postoperative recurrence |
| MACC | Positive staining for MACC1 expression in resected specimens was associated with a poorer DFS |
| CXCR7 | A higher expression of CXCR7 is associated with poor DFS in patients with p-stage I NSCLC |
| TS | A strong TS expression may be a useful marker for predicting postoperative recurrence in patients with lung AD following surgery |
| CK19 | CK19 mRNA detected by RT-PCR in MLNS was significantly associated with an increased risk of rapid recurrence |
| CK | The DFS curves demonstrated that the patients with CK cells in the pN0 LNs had significantly shorter survival periods than those without CK cells |
| microRNA expression profiles | MicroRNA expression profiles predicted recurrence of stage I NSCLC after surgical resection |
| EGFR mutations | Activating mutations within the EGFR TK domain can be used to predict the risk of recurrence in curatively resected pulmonary AD |
| IGF1R | Positive staining for IGF1R expression was an independent factor associated with tumor recurrence |
| EMT | EMT does not provide any relevant prognostic information about lung adenocarcinoma |
| Micro RNA | The micro RNA expression in resected NSCLC could potentially identify those at high risk of relapse after surgery |
AD, adenocarcinoma; LN, lymph node; PS, performance status; MLNs, mediastinal lymph nodes; SUV, standard uptake value; miRNAs, microRNAs.