Table 2. Univariate and Multivariate Analyses for Associations between Refractive Error and Childhood Concomitant Esotropia.

	Univariate				Multivariate*
	OR	CI		p	OR	CI		p
Age group
3 y	Ref				Ref
4 y	1.52	0.44	5.19	0.507	1.37	0.36	5.17	0.638
5 y	1.80	0.53	6.09	0.346	2.12	0.57	7.88	0.264
6 y	3.94	0.98	15.85	0.054	2.70	0.54	13.53	0.227
Sex
Male	Ref				Ref
Female	0.92	0.51	1.66	0.779	0.85	0.43	1.64	0.62
SE anisometropia(D)
<0.50	Ref				Ref
0.50-<1.00	19.74	9.43	41.32	<0.001	3.15	1.07	9.29	0.037
> = 1.00	34.17	16.10	72.52	<0.001	7.41	2.50	21.93	<0.001
J0 anisometropia(D)
<0.25	Ref				Ref
0.25-<0.50	9.09	3.97	20.85	<0.001	1.14	0.40	3.27	0.802
> = 0.50	5.78	1.36	24.59	0.018	0.46	0.07	2.80	0.40
J45 anisometropia(D)
<0.25	Ref				Ref
0.25-<0.50	7.67	2.67	21.98	<0.001	1.83	0.53	6.36	0.344
> = 0.50	3.64	0.49	27.12	0.208	0.57	0.05	6.10	0.645
SE refractive error(D)
0.00-<1.00	Ref				Ref
-1.0-<0.00	0			0.999	0			0.998
<-1.00	15.15	1.93	119.28	0.01	3.70	0.31	43.70	0.299
1.00-<2.00	8.03	3.12	20.71	<0.001	3.15	0.82	12.10	0.095
2.00-<3.00	23.81	9.99	56.79	<0.001	9.30	2.63	32.96	0.001
3.00-<4.00	25.64	5.61	117.21	<0.001	9.28	1.48	58.13	0.017
4.00-<5.00	47.63	10.00	226.81	<0.001	14.57	2.32	91.65	0.004
> = 5.00	416.72	145.64	1192.33	<0.001	180.82	36.37	898.89	<0.001
Astigmatism (D)
0.00-<0.50	Ref				Ref
0.5-<1.00	45.95	18.47	114.33	<0.001	3.06	0.77	12.18	0.114
> = 1.00	12.00	3.49	41.24	<0.001	0.34	0.05	2.49	0.29
<0.00	11.67	5.88	23.18	<0.001	1.06	0.34	3.28	0.919

D = diopters; J0 = power in the vertical or horizontal meridian; J45 = power in the oblique meridian; SE = spherical equivalent.

Odds ratios in boldface are statistically significant.

*Adjusted for all factors retained in the mutivariate analysis.