Table 4.
Factors associated with increased cost for each of the various cost variables: logistic regression
| Variables | Direct fixed cost | Direct variable cost | Indirect cost | Total cost | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | P | OR | P | OR | P | OR | P | ||
| Age | <50 (Ref) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 50–59 | 2.4 (0.6–9.8) | 0.20 | 1.8 (0.5–7.2) | 0.40 | 3.6 (0.9–16.8) | 0.08 | 7.0 (1.6–39.2) | 0.009 | |
| 60–69 | 2.0 (0.6–7.8) | 0.30 | 0.9 (0.2–3.5) | 0.86 | 1.5 (0.4–6.5) | 0.60 | 3.3 (0.8–17.7) | 0.11 | |
| 70–79 | 3.0 (0.8–12.6) | 0.11 | 2.9 (0.7–12.4) | 0.14 | 4.0 (0.9–19.4) | 0.06 | 8.5 (1.9–49.0) | 0.005 | |
| ≥80 | 4.9 (1.0–26.8) | 0.05 | 1.6 (0.3–8.6) | 0.57 | 2.1 (0.4–12.2) | 0.41 | 5.9 (1.1–39.3) | 0.04 | |
| Provider | Other (Ref) | 1 | 1 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Attending B | 1.0 (0.3–3.7) | 0.96 | 0.5 (0.1–1.9) | 0.33 | – | – | – | – | |
| Attending A | 2.8 (0.7–11.4) | 0.14 | 2.1 (0.5–8.5) | 0.31 | – | – | – | – | |
| C–D Grade | 0 (Ref) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| I | 2.7 (0.9–8.0) | 0.08 | 1.2 (0.4–3.7) | 0.81 | 4.0 (1.3–13.2) | 0.02 | 3.2 (1.0–10.3) | 0.04 | |
| >I | 5.0 (2.2–12.1) | <0.001 | 5.2 (2.2–13.0) | 0.0001 | 7.0 (2.9–17.9) | <0.0001 | 6.7 (2.8–16.9) | <0.0001 | |
| Operation | DP (Ref) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Whipple | 2.1 (0.9–5.0) | 0.09 | 3.3 (1.6–10.4) | 0.003 | 4.7 (1.9–12.4) | 0.0006 | 3.3 (1.5–9.7) | 0.004 | |
OR, odds ratio; DP, distal pancreatectomy; C–D, Clavien–Dindo.