Table 1.
| First Author | Year | Sample Size (n) | Percent Male | Age mean (min, max) | MNI (x, y, z) | Talairach (x, y, z) | SPI value | SPI unit | r | d | g | Brodmann Area |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Altamura | 2007 | 18 | 0.61 | 27 | (7, 17, 48) | (4.9, 9.9, 48.5) | 8 | z | 0.99 | 12.43 | 12.08 | 6 |
| Audoin | 2005 | 18 | . | 25 | (−19, 10, 63) | (−19.6, −1.1, 65.9) | 4 | t | 0.70 | 1.94 | 1.89 | 6 |
| Baumann | 2007 | 13 | 0.54 | 25 (20, 28) | . | . | . | . | 0 | 0 | 0 | . |
| Bedwell | 2005 | 14 | 0.57 | 29 (22, 40) | (−55, 4, 37) | (−52.9, −3, 39.5) | 8.03 | t | 0.91 | 4.45 | 4.29 | 6 |
| Beneventi | 2007 | 12 | 0.50 | (21, 29) | (0, 21, 43) | (−1.5, 14.1, 44.3) | 6.53 | z | 0.99 | 13.10 | 12.54 | 6 |
| Braver | 1997 | 8 | 0.75 | (18, 25) | (37, 37, 33) | (37, 37, 33) | 5.24 | z | 0.99 | 13.46 | 12.59 | 9 |
| Breitenstein | 2005 | 14 | 0.57 | (19, 26) | (36, 27, −6) | (32.8, 24.7, 2.2) | 4.31 | z | 0.86 | 3.39 | 3.27 | 47 |
| Bunge | 2001 | 16 | 0.81 | 27 (18, 40) | (−42, −2, 32) | (−40.3, −6.2, 31.8) | 3.76 | z | 0.77 | 2.38 | 2.31 | 6 |
| Cabeza | 2002 | 20 | 0.65 | 23 | (−45, 0, 36) | (−43.6, −6.7, 38.1) | 7.8 | t | 0.87 | 3.58 | 3.49 | 6 |
| Cairo | 2004 | 18 | 0.44 | 28 (18, 35) | (−12, 2, 56) | (−12.8, −4.7, 54.1) | 7.02 | z | 0.97 | 7.92 | 7.70 | 6 |
| Caldwell | 2005 | 8 | 1.00 | 36 (30, 43) | (−48, 20, 0) | (−45.4, 17.1, 5.1) | 19.46 | t | 0.99 | 14.71 | 13.76 | 45 |
| Chang | 2004 | 10 | 1.00 | 14 (10, 17) | (4, 24, 44) | (2.2, 14.9, 49.9) | 4.37 | z | 0.93 | 5.17 | 4.90 | 8 |
| Chen | 2004 | 8 | 1.00 | 28 | (−50, 0, 32) | (−48.1, −3.4, 31.8) | 6 | t | 0.91 | 4.54 | 4.24 | 6 |
| Cohen | 1994 | 12 | 0.58 | (20, 29) | (−36, 33, 13) | (−36, 33, 13) | 7.2 | t | 0.91 | 4.34 | 4.16 | 46 |
| Cohen | 1997 | 10 | 0.50 | (18, 34) | (37, 32, 30) | (37, 32, 30) | 3.82 | z | 0.89 | 3.84 | 3.65 | 9 |
| Cross | 2007 | 27 | 0.59 | 21 | (−10, −2, 56) | (−10.9, −8.5, 53.7) | 4.16 | t | 0.63 | 1.63 | 1.60 | 6 |
| Deckersbach | 2008 | 17 | 0.00 | 26 | (−46, −4, 42) | (−44.1, −8.9, 40.5) | 4.39 | z | 0.82 | 2.91 | 2.82 | 4 |
| Desmond | 2003 | 13 | 1.00 | 56 | (0, 7, 64) | (−1.8, −4.2, 66.8) | 4.07 | z | 0.85 | 3.28 | 3.16 | 6 |
| Dohnel | 2008 | 16 | 0.50 | 61 | (9, 38, 31) | (7, 30.9, 35.3) | 4.61 | z | 0.86 | 3.37 | 3.26 | 6 |
| Dolcos | 2006 | 15 | 0.00 | 22 (18, 31) | (46, 38, 22) | (46, 38, 22) | 9.6 | t | 0.93 | 5.13 | 4.96 | 46 |
| Frangou | 2008 | 7 | 0.29 | 39 | (52, 12, 40) | (46.7, 5.7, 41.6) | 17.52 | t | 0.99 | 14.31 | 13.24 | 6 |
| Grosbras | 2001 | 10 | 0.00 | (22, 30) | (−32, −8, 64) | (−31.4, −14.6, 60) | 10.63 | z | 0.999 | 1014.97 | 962.89 | 6 |
| Gruber | 2010 | 18 | 0.39 | 34 | (−48, −4, 44) | (−46, −9.1, 42.3) | 7 | t | 0.86 | 3.40 | 3.30 | 4 |
| Hamilton | 2009 | 38 | 0.61 | 33 (18, 64) | (50, 28, 28) | (46.3, 23.5, 30.4) | 7.62 | z | 0.88 | 3.77 | 3.72 | 9 |
| Harvey | 2005 | 10 | 0.50 | 29 (18, 42) | (−45, 18, 21) | (−42.9, 13.4, 23.7) | 10.91 | t | 0.96 | 7.27 | 6.90 | 10 |
| Hautzel | 2002 | 17 | 1.00 | 26 | (−48, 8, 28) | (−45.8, 3.5, 29.1) | 17.19 | t | 0.97 | 8.60 | 8.34 | 9 |
| Heide | 2001 | 6 | . | (27, 41) | (−48, −4, 40) | (−45.9, −8.8, 38.7) | 7.39 | z | 0.999 | 455.82 | 416.10 | 6 |
| Jeong | 2005 | 10 | 0.20 | 30 (16, 45) | (−27, −21, 54) | (−25, −29.4, 52.8) | 3.38 | z | 0.84 | 3.06 | 2.90 | 4 |
| Johnson | 2006 | 18 | 0.83 | 37 | (−50, 2, 44) | (−48.3, −5.9, 46) | 4.9 | t | 0.77 | 2.38 | 2.31 | 4 |
| Kanayama | 2004 | 10 | 0.60 | 28 | (54, 20, 32) | (48.6, 13.8, 35.2) | 6.66 | t | 0.91 | 4.44 | 4.21 | 9 |
| Kirschen | 2005 | 16 | 0.44 | 25 | (−63.4, 4.6, 14.5) | (−60.5, 0.9, 17.7) | 4.25 | z | 0.82 | 2.91 | 2.82 | 6 |
| Koch | 2007 | 13 | 0.62 | 27 | (42, 25, 34) | (37.8, 17, 41) | 8.51 | t | 0.93 | 4.91 | 4.72 | 8 |
| Koch | 2007 | 40 | 0.53 | 31.5 | (−6, 30, 56) | (−7.2, 21.3, 56.6) | 6.02 | t | 0.69 | 1.93 | 1.90 | 6 |
| Koppelstaetter | 2008 | 15 | 1.00 | (25, 47) | (−40, 32, 17) | (−38.6, 26.6, 24.3) | 16.61 | t | 0.98 | 8.88 | 8.58 | 46 |
| Koshino | 2008 | 11 | 0.91 | 29 (18, 40) | (−36, 4, 30) | (−34.7, −0.5, 30.7) | 13.44 | t | 0.97 | 8.50 | 8.10 | 6 |
| Kumari | 2006 | 13 | 1.00 | 33 (18, 55) | (36, 8, 46) | (31.8, 1.5, 46.4) | 7.34 | t | 0.90 | 4.24 | 4.07 | 6 |
| Lagopoulos | 2007 | 10 | 0.00 | 32 (20, 54) | (46, 24, −2) | (41.6, 20.6, 5.1) | 6.07 | z | 0.99 | 14.64 | 13.89 | 45 |
| Landau | 2004 | 10 | . | (22, 27) | . | . | . | . | 0 | 0 | 0 | . |
| LoPresti | 2008 | 19 | 0.32 | 23 (20, 26) | (−46, 26, −6) | (−43.5, 23.2, 0.3) | 7.84 | t | 0.88 | 3.70 | 3.60 | 47 |
| Malisza | 2005 | 14 | 0.57 | . | . | . | . | . | 0 | 0 | 0 | . |
| Matsuo | 2007 | 15 | 0.40 | 38 | (−30, 0, 46) | (−29.6, −3.4, 44.5) | 6.23 | z | 0.97 | 7.39 | 7.14 | 6 |
| Meisenzahl | 2006 | 12 | 0.92 | 34 (22, 48) | (48, 11, 23) | (43.6, 5.2, 28.5) | 8.34 | t | 0.93 | 5.03 | 4.82 | 9 |
| Mendrek | 2004 | 8 | 0.75 | 28 | (48, 8, 32) | (34, 2.7, 34.1) | 5.88 | z | 0.99 | 22.52 | 21.06 | 6 |
| Mendrek | 2005 | 12 | 0.75 | 28 | (−44, −4, 36) | (−42.2, −8.4, 35.2) | 5.27 | z | 0.96 | 6.46 | 6.18 | 6 |
| Mu | 2005 | 10 | 1.00 | 28 | (−56, 14, 30) | (−53.2, 8.9, 31.3) | 11.72 | t | 0.97 | 7.81 | 7.41 | 9 |
| Mu | 2005 | 33 | 1.00 | 29 (18, 45) | (−48, 2, 24) | (−45.7, −1.8, 25) | 9.47 | t | 0.86 | 3.35 | 3.30 | 9 |
| Neuner | 2007 | 15 | 1.00 | 33 | (−42, 6, 30) | (−40.2, 1.4, 30.8) | 6.5 | z | 0.97 | 8.42 | 8.13 | 6 |
| Nystrom | 2000 | 8 | 0.75 | 22 (18, 25) | (47, 33, 18) | (47, 33, 18) | 2.65 | z | 0.79 | 2.55 | 2.38 | 46 |
| Petit | 1998 | 5 | 1.00 | (21, 27) | (18, 4, 48) | (18, 4, 48) | 4.3 | z | 0.99 | 19.78 | 17.69 | 6 |
| Pochon | 2001 | 8 | 0.50 | (20, 25) | (27, 3, 51) | (23.4, −3.5, 50.3) | 3.88 | z | 0.94 | 5.28 | 4.94 | 6 |
| Pochon | 2002 | 6 | 0.67 | (18, 30) | (−39, 54, 12) | (−37.1, 47.7, 19) | 6.35 | t | 0.94 | 5.68 | 5.18 | 10 |
| Prado | 2007 | 20 | 0.35 | 21 (19, 26) | (45, 16, 27) | (40.7, 9.4, 33.1) | 5.89 | z | 0.91 | 4.36 | 4.25 | 9 |
| Quintana | 2003 | 8 | 0.75 | 29 | (−50, 14, 0) | (−50, 14, 0) | 7.14 | z | 0.999 | 72.90 | 68.20 | . |
| Ragland | 2002 | 11 | 0.55 | 32 (21, 53) | (36, 18, 28) | (36, 18, 28) | 5.1 | z | 0.96 | 6.73 | 6.42 | 9 |
| Ragland | 2004 | 15 | 0.60 | 28 | (−48, 18, 28) | (−48, 18, 28) | 3.8 | z | 0.79 | 2.56 | 2.47 | 9 |
| Ricciardi | 2006 | 6 | 1.00 | 28 | (0, 4, 52) | (0, 4, 52) | 7 | z | 0.999 | 260.05 | 237.39 | 6 |
| Rowe | 2000 | 6 | 0.83 | (24, 34) | (−22, 8, 60) | (−22.1, 0.6, 58) | 6.42 | t | 0.94 | 5.74 | 5.24 | 6 |
| Rypma | 1999 | 6 | 0.33 | 25 | (−52, 1, 32) | (−52, 1, 32) | 3.28 | z | 0.94 | 5.37 | 4.90 | 6 |
| Rypma | 2001 | 6 | 0.33 | 25 (22, 29) | (25, 53, 1) | (25, 53, 1) | 4.07 | z | 0.98 | 9.98 | 9.11 | 10 |
| Sanchez-Carrion | 2008 | 14 | 0.79 | 24 | (24, 4, 62) | (20.5, −3.6, 60.1) | 16.67 | t | 0.98 | 9.25 | 8.91 | 6 |
| Schmidt | 2009 | 25 | 1.00 | 34 | (26, 12, 54) | (22.4, 4.6, 53.7) | 8.37 | t | 0.86 | 3.42 | 3.35 | 6 |
| Sevostianov | 2002 | 14 | 0.57 | (19, 44) | . | . | . | . | 0 | 0 | 0 | . |
| Shamosh | 2008 | 103 | 0.43 | 23 (18, 40) | . | . | . | . | 0 | 0 | 0 | . |
| Sheridan | 2007 | 10 | 0.00 | 15 (12, 17) | (30, 38, 16) | (26.6, 32.1, 22.2) | 5.97 | t | 0.89 | 3.98 | 3.78 | 9 |
| Shikata | 2003 | 9 | 0.56 | 27 | (−30, −12, 57) | (−29.5, −17.8, 53.4) | 4.14 | z | 0.93 | 5.24 | 4.94 | 6 |
| Simmons | 2005 | 9 | 0.33 | (18, 45) | (−21, 33, −18) | (−20.2, 30.6, −9.4) | 6.6 | t | 0.92 | 4.67 | 4.40 | 47 |
| Smith | 2006 | 10 | 0.00 | 57 (50, 60) | (−5, 14, 47) | (−6.2, 7.2, 47.2) | 5.74 | z | 0.99 | 11.73 | 11.13 | 37 |
| Sowell | 2007 | 16 | 0.4375 | 11 (7, 15) | . | . | . | . | 0 | 0 | 0 | . |
| Tan | 2006 | 26 | 0.69 | 32 | (44, 23, 27) | (39.4, 17.1, 30.9) | 2.81 | z | 0.50 | 1.16 | 1.14 | 9 |
| Veltman | 2003 | 22 | 0.32 | 23 | (−51, 12, 36) | (−48.6, 6.5, 36.5) | 5.7 | z | 0.88 | 3.68 | 3.60 | 9 |
| Vinogradov | 2008 | 8 | 0.50 | 28 (25, 33) | (−10, 48, 18) | (−10.5, 41.5, 28) | 4.5 | z | 0.97 | 7.90 | 7.39 | 9 |
| Volle | 2005 | 11 | 0.64 | 28 (22, 34) | (−33, −3, 60) | (−32.3, −9.6, 56.9) | 3.69 | z | 0.85 | 3.25 | 3.10 | 6 |
| Walter | 2007 | 17 | . | 27 | (−51, 3, 36) | (−48.6, −1.9, 35.7) | 5.04 | z | 0.88 | 3.76 | 3.65 | 6 |
| Yoo | 2005 | 10 | 0.80 | 23 (20, 30) | (30, 14, 53) | (26.2, 6.5, 53.1) | 4.07 | z | 0.91 | 4.39 | 4.17 | 6 |
Descriptive statistics of each study (n=74), the corresponding SPI value, unit, and corresponding Pearson’s r (used for plotting), and Cohen’s d value used to assess publication bias. Hedge’s g estimates are provided for reference.