Table 2.
The impact of healthcare and coping preferences on neck pain and reduced work capability, fully adjusted models
| Neck pain, linear regression |
Reduced capability to work, logistic regression |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean difference (95% CI) | p Value | Number of individuals in each regression model, n | OR (95%CI) | p Value | Number of individuals, n, and number of cases* in each regression model (n) | Model fit results, the Hosmer-Lemeshow χ2 (8) fit statistics (H-L) and the area under the receiver operating curve | |
| Active coping preferences | |||||||
| Change in lifestyle | −0.46 (−1.39 to 0.46) | 0.323 | 473 | 0.11 (0.01 to 0.78) | 0.028 | 579 (82) | H-L: 6.45, AUC: 0.696 |
| Keep living as usual | −0.55 (−1.82 to 0.72) | 0.393 | 482 | 1.23 (0.27 to 5.59) | 0.786 | 587 (85) | H-L: 7.14, AUC: 0.662 |
| Keep living as usual only† | −1.62 (−2.39 to −0.84) | <0.001‡ | 496 | 0.09 (0.01 to 0.64) | 0.017 | 605 (91) | H-L: 10.76, AUC: 0.694 |
| Passive coping preferences, including healthcare | |||||||
| Take it easy | 0.44 (−0.08 to 0.96) | 0.096 | 454 | 1.62 (0.99 to 2.67) | 0.057 | 555 (82) | H-L: 8.93, AUC: 0.681 |
| Sickness absence | 1.18 (0.53 to 1.82) | <0.001‡ | 457 | 3.05 (1.80 to 5.17) | <0.001† | 554 (79) | H-L: 9.01, AUC: 0.725 |
| Taking medications | 1.24 (0.67 to 1.82) | <0.001† | 449 | 3.53 (2.13 to 5.86) | <0.001† | 550 (83) | H-L: 10.08, AUC: 0.749 |
| Being referred to a specialist | 0.47 (−0.14 to 1.08) | 0.127 | 386 | 1.98 (1.15 to 3.41) | 0.014 | 467 (70) | H-L: 13.29, AUC: 0.691 |
| Further medical investigation | 0.03 (−0.52 to 0.58) | 0.918 | 422 | 1.53 (0.93 to 2.53) | 0.097 | 515 (78) | H-L: 10.41, AUC: 0.680 |
| Being referred to a physiotherapist/chiropractor | 0.65 (0.03 to 1.28) | 0.040 | 420 | 3.03 (1.33 to 6.91) | 0.008 | 515 (74) | H-L: 4.98, AUC: 0.680 |
| Talking to a doctor about symptoms | 0.08 (−0.45 to 0.61) | 0.771 | 449 | 1.45 (0.86 to 2.44) | 0.160 | 552 (83) | H-L: 2.29, AUC: 0.669 |
Adjusted for sociodemographic variables (age, gender, education (dichotomous variable)), neck pain at baseline and collision severity (dichotomous variable).
Statistically significant associations marked in bold.
Mean difference: indicating the preference was associated with a × higher mean level of neck pain.
OR: indicating the preference was associated with × times higher odds of reduced capability to work.
*Case: individual with reduced capability to work.
†Individuals preferring to keep living as usual—and no other preferences.
‡Significant also after Bonferroni correction (p<0.005).
AUC, area under curve.