Table 4.

Impact of antimicrobial agents on LTx detection during inhalation anthrax in rhesus macaques treated with Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) commencing at the time point indicated 48 or 72 h post-challenge (PC) and in human clinical cases treated with antimicrobial agents following hospitalization

Subject	Status	Antimicrobials	Pre-Abx LTx (ng/mL)	Sample time pre-Abx	Last post-Abx LTx (ng/mL)	Sample time post-Abx
RM (R050003)	NS (72 h)	Cipro 48 h PC	14	36 h PC	8.6	36 h (LA)
RM (04208)	NS (6 days)	Cipro 48 h PC	280	48 h PC	8.7	72 h (LA)
RM (03E062	S	Cipro 48 h PC	7.6	48 h PC	0.095	48 h
RM (04E067)	S	Cipro 48 h PC	12	48 h PC	0.096	72 h
RM (0412)	S	Cipro 72 h PC	8.3	72 h PC	0.072	72 h
RM (04E083)	S	Cipro 72 h PC	2.3	72 h PC	0.12	72 h
Human (2006)	S	At admission	2.6	3DPO	0.012	8 days
Human (2008)	NS	At admission	NA	NA	0.018	6 days (FA)
Human (2011)	S	At admission	2.3	2DPO	0.023	68 h

The LTx results are given for samples obtained prior to antimicrocrobial treatment (Pre-Abx) and the last available sample positive (post-Abx)

NA not available, NS non-survival, S survived, LA latest available post-antibiotic sample, FA first available, Abx antimicrobials/antibiotics, DPO days post-symptom onset