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. 2015 Mar 23;5:9397. doi: 10.1038/srep09397

Figure 2. Histologic findings of sham and infarcted femoral heads.

Figure 2

(a) Histological results of femoral heads from sham-operated groups (NCD-Sham and HFD-Sham) showing intact, smooth articular surface and damage to articular surfaces in AVN-induced groups (NCD-AVN, HFD-AVN, and HFD-AVN-LacZ). Secondary ossification centers were replaced with fibrovascular tissue. Femoral heads of HFD-AVN and HFD-AVN-LacZ groups showed more deformity compared to the NCD-AVN group. HFD-AVN and HFD-AVN-LacZ groups showed increases in damaged of epiphyseal cartilage surfaces and metaphyseal physes and secondary ossification centers replaced by fibrous tissue. Femoral heads of HFD-AVN-Leptin group were preserved with intact articular cartilage and ossification center marrow. (c) Numbers from (b) are damage scores. *, p < 0.01 vs. NCD-AVN; #, p < 0.01 vs. NCD-AVN; $, p < 0.05 vs. HFD-AVN. Five rats were used in each groups.