Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Recruited Children
| Patient Characteristic | Penicillin | Amoxicillin |
|---|---|---|
| Age, mo, median (IQR) | 13 (7–24) | 14 (7–25) |
| Female sex | 106/264 (40.2) | 120/263 (45.6) |
| History of cough | 263/264 (99.6) | 262/263 (99.6) |
| History of fever | 240/264 (90.9) | 236/263 (89.7) |
| History of diarrhea | 62/264 (23.5) | 56/263 (21.3) |
| Recent antibiotic treatment | 103/236 (43.6) | 101/238 (42.4) |
| Received pneumococcal and Hib vaccines, ≥1 dose | 184/245 (75.1) | 183/245 (74.7) |
| Temperature, °C, median (IQR) | 37.8 (37.3–38.5) | 38.1 (37.5–38.8) |
| Oxygen saturation, %, median (IQR) | 94 (92–96) | 95 (93–97) |
| WHZ < −2 SD below median reference value | 24/264 (9.0) | 15/263 (5.7) |
| Any comorbidity | 150/264 (56.8) | 152/263 (57.8) |
| Wheeze | 92/264 (34.9) | 95/263 (36.1) |
| Slide-positive malaria | 22/264 (8.3) | 34/263 (12.9) |
| Pallor | 20/264 (7.6) | 19/263 (7.2) |
| Dehydration | 20/264 (7.5) | 11/263 (4.2) |
| Study site | ||
| Bungoma District Hospital | 42/264 (15.9) | 41/263 (15.6) |
| Embu Provincial General Hospital | 62/264 (23.1) | 60/263 (22.8) |
| Kerugoya District Hospital | 60/264 (22.7) | 59/263 (22.4) |
| Kisumu District Hospital | 37/264 (14.0) | 36/263 (13.7) |
| Mbagathi District Hospital | 39/264 (14.8) | 41/263 (15.6) |
| New Nyanza Provincial General Hospital | 25/264 (9.5) | 26/263 (9.9) |
Data are presented as proportion (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: Hib, Haemophilus influenzae type b; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation; WHZ, weight-for-height z score.