Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study participants by intervention group
| Variable | Control group printed education materials only (n = 642) n (%) |
Intervention group patient navigation + PEM (n = 578) n (%) | p valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age group | |||
| 65–69 | 323 (50.3) | 288 (49.8) | 0.87 |
| 70–75 | 319 (49.7) | 290 (50.2) | |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 178 (27.7) | 157 (27.2) | 0.83 |
| Female | 464 (72.3) | 421 (72.8) | |
| Education | |||
| ≤High school diploma | 374 (58.3) | 313 (54.3) | 0.15 |
| >High school diploma | 267 (41.7) | 264 (45.7) | |
| Income | |||
| <$9,999 | 109 (19.8) | 88 (18.4) | 0.63 |
| $10,000–$19,999 | 151 (27.4) | 122 (25.5) | |
| $20,000–$29,000 | 116 (21.0) | 99 (20.7) | |
| >$30,000 | 175 (31.8) | 170 (35.5) | |
| Health perception | |||
| Fair/poor | 140 (21.8) | 128 (22.2) | 0.89 |
| Good/very good/excellent | 502 (78.2) | 450 (77.8) | |
| Family history of CRC | |||
| No | 528 (85.3) | 478 (85.0) | 0.57 |
| Yes | 91 (14.7) | 85 (15.0) | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| <3 | 337 (52.5) | 308 (53.3) | 0.78 |
| ≥3 | 305 (47.5) | 270 (46.7) | |
| Body mass index [BMI (kg/m2)] | |||
| Normal (<25) | 96 (15.8) | 96 (17.5) | 0.39 |
| Overweight (25 –<30) | 216 (35.6) | 172 (31.3) | |
| Obese class I (30–<35) | 144 (23.8) | 146 (26.6) | |
| Obese class II (≥35) | 150 (24.7) | 135 (24.6) | |
| Smoking status | |||
| Never | 243 (40.4) | 235 (43.3) | 0.41 |
| Former | 265 (44.0) | 218 (40.1) | |
| Current | 94 (15.6) | 90 (16.6) | |
| Level of health literacy | |||
| Low | 276 (46.0) | 268 (49.4) | 0.26 |
| Adequate | 324 (54.0) | 275 (50.6) | |
| Up-to-date with CRC screening at baselineb | |||
| Yes | 527 (82.1) | 476 (82.5) | 0.85 |
| No | 115 (17.9) | 101 (19.1) | |
Column percentages that do not equal 100 % are due to missing data
PEM printed educational materials, CRC colorectal cancer
a
p value calculated using Pearson’s Chi-squared test
b
Up-to-date with CRC screening defined as self-reported FOBT within a year of date of randomization or colonoscopy/sigmoidoscopy within 10 years of date of randomization