Production of active TGF-β1 in primary cultured human MCs (PCHMCs) or PAI-1 in human bronchial epithelial cells. (A) PCHMCs were stimulated with IgE receptor cross-linking for 0, 4, and 48 hours, and the level of active TGF-β1 was measured by ELISA. Data represent means ± SE of two, three, or four independent experiments performed in duplicate. *P < 0.0001 by Student’s t test. (B) LAD2 cells were stimulated with human IgE receptor cross-linking for 24 hours. The supernatants from resting and stimulated LAD2 were collected. Primary cultured human bronchial epithelial cells were incubated with the LAD2 supernatants for 16 hours. Data represent means ± SE of three independent experiments performed in duplicate. *P < 0.05 by Student’s t test.