Table 1.

Characteristics of MESA participants without baseline diabetes, by incident diabetes

Characteristics	Total (N = 5,314)	Incident diabetes		P value
		No (n = 4,658)	Yes (n = 656)
Age, years	61.6 ± 10.2	61.7 ± 10.3	60.8 ± 9.5	0.08
Race/ethnicity, %
White	42.5	44.2	30.5	<0.0001
Chinese American	11.6	11.5	12.0
African American	25.2	24.5	30.6
Hispanic American	20.7	19.8	26.8
Lipid-lowering medication, %	14.6	13.9	19.7	<0.0001
Family history of diabetes, %	34.8	32.9	48.6	<0.0001
Physical activity, MET*min/week	5,833 ± 5,832	5,836 ± 5,711	5,810 ± 6,637	0.24
BMI, kg/m2	28.0 ± 5.3	27.6 ± 5.0	31.1 ± 5.9	<0.0001
LP-IR	42.4 ± 23.4	40.7 ± 23.2	54.3 ± 21.4	<0.0001
Glucose, mg/dL	89.4 ± 10.5	87.8 ± 9.0	100.8 ± 12.8	<0.0001
Insulin, μU/L	6.4 ± 4.4	6.0 ± 4.0	9.5 ± 5.8	<0.0001
HOMA-IR	1.4 ± 1.1	1.3 ± 1.0	2.4 ± 1.6	<0.0001
HDL-C, mg/dL	51.7 ± 15.0	52.4 ± 15.2	46.7 ± 12.2	<0.0001
LDL-C, mg/dL	118.0 ± 30.8	118.0 ± 30.6	117.6 ± 32.3	0.57
TG, mg/dL	127.0 ± 77.5	123.5 ± 75.2	152.0 ± 88.9	<0.0001
HDL-P, μmol/L
Total	34 ± 7	34 ± 7	33 ± 6	0.0001
Large	6.2 ± 3.5	6.3 ± 3.5	5.1 ± 2.9	<0.0001
Medium	13.7 ± 6.9	13.9 ± 7.0	12.2 ± 6.2	<0.0001
Small	14.5 ± 5.6	14.2 ± 5.5	16.1 ± 5.7	<0.0001
HDL size, nm	9.27 ± 0.45	9.29 ± 0.46	9.13 ± 0.41	<0.0001
LDL-P, nmol/L
Total	1,246 ± 334	1,236 ± 331	1,322 ± 351	<0.0001
Large	601 ± 257	609 ± 254	541 ± 270	<0.0001
Small	518 ± 378	500 ± 375	653 ± 377	<0.0001
LDL size, nm	20.77 ± 0.54	20.80 ± 0.54	20.58 ± 0.53	<0.0001
VLDL-P, nmol/L
Large	4.7 ± 6.2	4.4 ± 5.9	6.9 ± 7.3	<0.0001
Medium	28.4 ± 21.6	28.1 ± 21.6	30.7 ± 21.4	0.0002
Small	34.0 ± 19.6	34.1 ± 19.5	33.4 ± 19.7	0.46
VLDL size, nm*	48.3 ± 7.9	47.7 ± 7.7	51.7 ± 8.8	<0.0001

Results are mean ± SD, unless stated otherwise. LDL-C, LDL cholesterol.

^*VLDL size missing in n = 384 (21 cases).