Table 4.

Association of LV Systolic Function With Silent Brain Infarcts

Predictor	Model 1 OR (95% CI)	P Value	Model 2 OR (95% CI)	P Value	Model 3 OR (95% CI)	P Value
LVEF*	0.99 (0.95–1.03)	0.53	1.00 (0.96–1.05)	0.98	—	—
Abnormal LVEF (<55%)†	1.20 (0.40–3.60)	0.75	0.64 (0.19–2.16)	0.47	—	—
GLS‡	1.21 (1.10–1.34)	<0.01	1.16 (1.04–1.30)	<0.01	1.18 (1.05–1.33)	<0.01
Abnormal GLS (>−14%)§	4.44 (2.24–8.81)	<0.01	3.28 (1.53–7.03)	<0.01	3.56 (1.62–7.83)	<0.01

Values in table are odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Each predictor is evaluated in a separate model. Model 1, unadjusted; model 2, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, SBP, DBP, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, smoking history, LV mass index, relative wall thickness, and LV diastolic dysfunction; model 3, adjusted for covariates in model 2 plus LVEF. DBP indicates diastolic blood pressure; GLS indicate global longitudinal strain; LV, left ventricular; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; and SBP, systolic blood pressure.

^*OR per 1 LVEF unit increase.

^†Reference group: normal LVEF (≥55%).

^‡OR per 1 GLS unit decrease (less negative values).

^§Reference group: normal GLS (≤ −14%).