Skip to main content
. 2014 May 5;2(1):1060. doi: 10.13063/2327-9214.1060

Table 1.

Overview of the Case Study Sites

Community Bangor Central Indiana Greater Cincinnati Inland Northwest Keystone Greater Tulsa Western New York
HIE Name HealthInfoNet Indiana HIE (Indiana Network for Patient Care) HealthBridge INHS Health Information Network Keystone HIE MyHealth Access Network HEALTHeLINK
Formed* 2004 / 2006 1995 / 2004 1997 1994 2005 2009 2001 / 2006
Service Area State of Maine Statewide and inter-state 16-county area of Ohio, Indiana, and Kentucky 14-county area of eastern Washington and western Idaho 31 counties in Central/Northeastern Pennsylvania 11 counties in Northeastern Oklahoma 8-county region surrounding Buffalo
HIE population** 1.2 million patients 2.7 million patients >3 million patients 1.3 million patients 600,000 patients >2 million patients 1.5 million patients
Key Stakeholders 4 health systems, payer, public health Providers, public health, business groups 5 health systems and 2 health plans Members of Inland Northwest Health Services, an independent entity Geisinger Health System and 36 community provider organizations Providers, payers, purchasers, public health, tribes, university, patients Providers, payers, public health, educational and community partners
HIE Users (at time of study) 28 (of 39) Maine hospitals, 7,000 providers, 5 FQHCs 90 hospitals and 19,000 physicians 7,500 physicians and over 50 total hospitals 16 hospitals, 16 clinics, specialists, LTPAC providers 1,110 clinicians, 274 LTPAC users, 1,200 patients 1,600 providers 2,550 providers and 7,567 total users
Technical Architecture Centralized Hybrid-Federated Hybrid-Federated Centralized Hybrid-Federated Centralized Hybrid-Federated
Patient Consent Opt-out (opt-in for mental health) Opt-out Opt-out Opt-out Opt-in at each care site for full record Opt-out Opt-in
Selected Examples of Advanced Health IT Tools & Services
(see Appendix for details)
Community wide disease registry
Quality reporting and provider comparison
Quality reporting and provider comparison
Patient text messaging (pilot)
Public health surveillance
Public health surveillance
Health screening reminders
Disease registry
Quality reporting and provider comparison
Community-wide disease registry
Predictive risk modeling
Provider reporting dashboard;
Patient text messaging (pilot)
Risk-based algorithm to refer diabetes patients
Quality reports (sent to providers quarterly)
Clinical decision support
KeyHIE Transform translates LTPAC patient assessment data to CCD format
Electronic flu shot reminder
Performance reporting
e-Referral management
Predictive risk modeling
Clinical decision support
Analytics & reporting
Cloud-based apps
EHR-based registries
Clinical decision support
Quality and outcomes reporting
Telemonitoring
Public health surveillance

Source: Authors’ analysis. FQHC = federally qualified health center; HIE = health information exchange; IT = information technology; LTPAC = long-term and postacute care.

Notes:

*

Date Formed: Where two dates are indicated, the first marks when foundational elements of an HIE began, and the second marks the official formation of the HIE organization.

**

HIE Population: The number of patients whose clinical data had been electronically exchanged and/or stored in some form through the HIE infrastructure at the time of the study.