CHART 1.
Correlation of nutrient deficiency and its cutaneous repercussions
| NUTRIENT | CUTANEOUS REPERCUSSION |
|---|---|
| Biotin | Alopecia, glossitis, keratosis pilaris, periorificial dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis and erythroderma |
| Copper | Depigmented and thinning hair, alopecia, delayed wound healing |
| Iron | Pallor, koilonychia, glossitis, alopecia |
| Selenium | Delayed wound healing, psoriasis, skin cancer |
| Vitamin A or Retinol | Xeroderma, acne, brittle hair, and keratotic follicular papules most commonly in the anterolateral surface of thighs and arms, which may spread to the extensor areas of the upper and lower limbs, shoulders, abdomen, dorsal region, buttocks and neck; phrynoderma |
| Vitamin B2 or Riboflavin | Mucositis, lip and angular cheilitis, glossitis, xerosis, seborrheic dermatitis, scrotal and vulvar eczema, erythroderma and toxic epidermal necrolysis. |
| Vitamin B3 or Niacin | Pellagra, photosensitive dermatitis in symmetric areas, cheilitis, glossitis. |
| Vitamin B5 or Pantothenic acid | Purpura, leukotrichia, seborrheic dermatitis, angular stomatitis and glossitis. Burning feet syndrome. |
| Vitamin B6 or Pyridoxine | Seborrheic dermatitis, glossitis, oral mucosa ulceration, lip and angular cheilitis, photosensitive pellagra-like lesions |
| Vitamin B9 or Folic acid and B12 or Cobalamin | Lip or angular cheilitis, Hunter's glossitis; diffuse, symmetric hair and mucocutaneous hypo-and hyperpigmentation |
| Vitamin C or Ascorbic acid | Poor wound healing, keratosis pilaris, perifollicular petechiae, ecchymosis, purpura, brittle hair, scurvy (gingivitis, bleeding gums, keratosis pilaris), Sjogren-like syndrome |
| Vitamin D | Atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, skin infections, acne, autoimmune cutaneous diseases and skin cancer. |
| Vitamin E | Atopic dermatitis, acne. |
| Vitamin K | Purpura, petechiae, ecchymosis, hematoma |
| Zinc | Acrodermatitis enteropathica (alopecia, acral and periorificial symmetric, erosive and eczematous rash), dry, brittle and thinning hair, delayed wound healing, paronychia, stomatitis, psoriasiform dermatitis, blepharitis, angular cheilitis, vitiligo-like lesions |
| Protein | Aged appearance, erythematous or hypopigmented lesions most evident in flexure areas; hyperchromic lesions with smooth, fissured or erosive surface; brittle, slow growing nails, onychomadesis; follicular hyperkeratosis, pale extremities accompanied by edema; dry, brittle, dull, and thin hair, with brownish-red color before becoming grayish-white, flag signal with alternating dark and light stripes in the hair; angular cheilitis, xerophthalmia, stomatitis, vulvovaginitis |