Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2015 Mar 24;6:204. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00204

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2015 Hazen, Lafon, Garrett, Lowe, Silberger, Rowe, Frace, Parsons, Bopp, Rasko and Sobecky.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

PMC Copyright notice

Maximum-likelihood phylogeny of V. parahaemolyticus clinical and environmental isolates analyzed in this study compared to V. parahaemolyticus isolates that have been previously characterized by complete or draft genome sequencing and are available in the public domain. The nucleotide sequences of seven conserved genes (recA, gyrB, pyrC, dtdS, tnaA, dnaE, and pntA) were concatenated for each V. parahaemolyticus isolate, and V. campbellii ATCC BAA-1116 was included as an outgroup. The phylogeny was constructed using RAxML (Stamatakis, 2006) with 100 bootstrap replications, and visualized using FigTree v1.3.1 (http://tree.bio.ed.ac.uk/software/figtree/). Only bootstrap values ≥50 are shown. The scale bar represents 0.03 nucleotide substitutions per site. The genomes that were sequenced in this study or in previous studies that are available in the public domain are indicated in bold and are listed in Table 2. The post-1995 V. parahaemolyticus O3:K6 isolates are indicated by an orange box, the O4:K12 isolates are indicated by a purple box, and the O4:K8 isolates are indicated in yellow. The V. parahaemolyticus isolates obtained from environmental sources are indicated in green, while the isolates from clinical sources are indicated in black. The presence of the virulence-associated thermostable direct hemolysins, tdh and trh, in each of the genomes is indicated by symbols.