Table 2.
Dietary intake, season of examination and exercise classification in boys with ASD and controls
| ASD n = 18 | Controls n = 19 | p value | p value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D |
||||
| Calcium intake from food (mg/d) |
877 ± 77 | 1,149 ± 125 | 0.08 | 0.13 |
| Calcium intake from food and supplements (mg/d) |
878 ± 92 | 1,184 ± 121 | 0.05 | 0.11 |
| % Meeting EAR (calcium intake) |
33.3 % | 57.9 % | 0.19 | 0.25 |
| % Meeting RDA (calcium intake) |
16.7 % | 36.8 % | 0.27 | 0.23 |
| Vitamin D intake from food (IU/d) |
199 ± 26 | 340 ± 56 | 0.03 | 0.04 |
| Vitamin D intake from food and supplements (IU/d) |
314 ± 62 | 489 ± 82 | 0.07** | 0.14 |
| % Meeting EAR (vitamin D intake) |
27.8 % | 68.2 % | 0.049 | 0.05 |
| % Meeting RDA (vitamin D intake) |
5.6 % | 31.6 % | 0.09 | 0.046 |
| Season of examination |
||||
| Fall/winter | 44 % | 16 % | 0.08 | 0.11 |
| Spring/summer | 56 % | 84 % | ||
| Exercise classification |
||||
| Sedentary | 11.1 % | 5.3 % | 0.002 | <0.0001 |
| Low activity | 33.3 % | 5.3 % | ||
| Active | 44.4 % | 15.8 % | ||
| High activity | 11.1 % | 73.7 % |
Bold values indicate significant differences between groups
SDS standard deviation score, EAR estimated average requirement, RDA recommended dietary allowance
*
Adjusted for bone age
**
Non-parametric testing