Table 5.
Doctors’ practices of procedural skills and confidence of use
| N (%), last week/yesterday | N (%), 1–6 months | N (%), >6 months | N (%), not relevant | % low confidence (1 or 2) | % high confidence (4 or 5) | Correlation: last performed–confidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Airway opening maneuvers | 1 | 7 (12%) | 21 (36%) | 21 (36%) | 2 (3%) | 5 (9%) | 46 (82%) | 0.433 |
| Insertion of nasopharyngeal airway | 2 | 2 (3%) | 9 (16%) | 29 (50%) | 3 (5%) | 11 (20%) | 32 (57%) | 0.632 |
| Insertion of an oropharyngeal (Guedel) airway | 3 | 4 (7%) | 18 (32%) | 26 (46%) | 3 (5%) | 0 (0%) | 47 (84%) | 0.469 |
| Oropharyngeal suctioning | 4 | 5 (9%) | 19 (33%) | 28 (48%) | 2 (3%) | 1 (2%) | 45 (80%) | 0.257 |
| Oxygen therapy | 5 | 20 (35%) | 31 (53%) | 5 (9%) | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 41 (91%) | 0.315 |
| Bag mask valve ventilation | 6 | 4 (7%) | 28 (48%) | 20 (35%) | 2 (3%) | 1 (2%) | 51 (91%) | 0.253 |
| Adult rapid sequence induction | 7 | 2 (4%) | 7 (13%) | 15 (27%) | 7 (11%) | 41 (73%) | 13 (23%) | 0.726 |
| Pediatric rapid sequence induction | 8 | 0 (0%) | 2 (4%) | 17 (30%) | 11 (18%) | 43 (78%) | 8 (15%) | 0.718 |
| Endotracheal intubation | 9 | 5 (9%) | 7 (12%) | 25 (43%) | 5 (8%) | 26 (46%) | 15 (27%) | 0.456 |
| Surgical airway insertion | 10 | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 13 (22%) | 5 (8%) | 46 (82%) | 1 (2%) | 0.178 |
| Laryngeal mask airway insertion | 11 | 4 (7%) | 10 (17%) | 22 (38%) | 4 (6%) | 15 (27%) | 27 (48%) | 0.614 |
| CPAP/BiPAP | 12 | 1 (2%) | 9 (16%) | 27 (47%) | 3 (5%) | 32 (57%) | 10 (18%) | 0.589 |
| Mechanical ventilation (volume/pressure cycle) | 13 | 2 (4%) | 6 (11%) | 16 (28%) | 8 (13%) | 40 (71%) | 9 (16%) | 0.770 |
| Needle thoracocentesis | 14 | 0 (0%) | 3 (5%) | 23 (40%) | 6 (10%) | 26 (47%) | 19 (35%) | 0.357 |
| Intercostal catheter insertion and management | 15 | 0 (0%) | 4 (7%) | 27 (48%) | 4 (6%) | 29 (53%) | 15 (27%) | 0.409 |
| Arterial line insertion | 16 | 2 (4%) | 6 (11%) | 17 (30%) | 6 (10%) | 32 (58%) | 16 (29%) | 0.666 |
| Arterial blood gas collection and interpretation | 17 | 8 (14%) | 15 (27%) | 29 (52%) | 3 (5%) | 5 (9%) | 35 (64%) | 0.112 |
| CXR interpretation | 18 | 30 (53%) | 23 (40%) | 3 (5%) | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 49 (89%) | 0.216 |
| Cardiac rhythm interpretation | 19 | 37 (67%) | 18 (33%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 44 (79%) | 0.228 |
| Taking of 12-lead ECG | 20 | 17 (30%) | 23 (40%) | 12 (21%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (11%) | 41 (73%) | 0.302 |
| 12-lead ECG interpretation | 21 | 43 (75%) | 14 (25%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2%) | 47 (84%) | 0.206 |
| Peripheral venous cannulation | 22 | 30 (53%) | 23 (40%) | 4 (7%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 54 (98%) | −0.125 |
| Insertion of central venous catheter (CVC) | 23 | 1 (2%) | 3 (5%) | 19 (33%) | 6 (10%) | 39 (72%) | 5 (9%) | 0.575 |
| Intraosseous needle insertion | 24 | 0 (0%) | 1 (2%) | 16 (29%) | 5 (8%) | 29 (52%) | 13 (23%) | 0.347 |
| Urinary catheterization (male and female) | 25 | 14 (24%) | 29 (50%) | 13 (22%) | 2 (3%) | 0 (0%) | 53 (96%) | 0.005 |
| Suprapubic catheter insertion | 26 | 1 (2%) | 8 (14%) | 17 (30%) | 3 (5%) | 23 (42%) | 15 (27%) | 0.500 |
| Splinting/immobilizing | 27 | 14 (25%) | 29 (51%) | 12 (21%) | 1 (2%) | 4 (7%) | 39 (71%) | 0.236 |
| Plastering | 28 | 12 (21%) | 36 (63%) | 8 (14%) | 1 (2%) | 7 (13%) | 40 (73%) | 0.267 |
| Cervical spine immobilization | 29 | 7 (12%) | 20 (35%) | 24 (42%) | 1 (2%) | 8 (14%) | 43 (77%) | 0.243 |
| Management of epistaxis | 30 | 4 (7%) | 25 (44%) | 21 (37%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (11%) | 36 (64%) | 0.099 |
| Femoral nerve block | 31 | 1 (2%) | 4 (7%) | 10 (18%) | 5 (8%) | 42 (76%) | 9 (16%) | 0.721 |
| Bier’s Block | 32 | 4 (7%) | 6 (11%) | 13 (23%) | 6 (10%) | 40 (73%) | 8 (15%) | 0.657 |
| Repair of lacerations | 33 | 19 (35%) | 29 (53%) | 6 (11%) | 1 (2%) | 1 (2%) | 46 (84%) | 0.384 |
| Suturing | 34 | 30 (53%) | 21 (37%) | 4 (7%) | 1 (2%) | 1 (2%) | 48 (89%) | 0.457 |
| Extensor tendon repair | 35 | 0 (0%) | 2 (4%) | 6 (11%) | 10 (16%) | 44 (80%) | 7 (13%) | 0.824 |
| Joint injection/aspiration | 36 | 4 (7%) | 24 (42%) | 7 (12%) | 4 (6%) | 22 (40%) | 19 (35%) | 0.683 |
| Reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation | 37 | 2 (4%) | 6 (11%) | 21 (37%) | 4 (6%) | 29 (54%) | 17 (32%) | 0.639 |
| Lumbar puncture | 38 | 3 (5%) | 10 (23%) | 27 (47%) | 3 (5%) | 20 (37%) | 20 (37%) | 0.521 |
| Peritoneal dialysis | 39 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 7 (13%) | 15 (24%) | 47 (86%) | 2 (4%) | 0.802 |
| Basic life support | 40 | 6 (11%) | 23 (40%) | 24 (42%) | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 47 (84%) | 0.233 |
| Advanced life support | 41 | 2 (4%) | 22 (39%) | 23 (41%) | 1 (2%) | 9 (16%) | 31 (55%) | 0.416 |
| Biphasic/monophasic defibrillation | 42 | 1 (2%) | 11 (19%) | 26 (46%) | 1 (2%) | 13 (23%) | 29 (52%) | 0.398 |
| Synchronized DC version | 43 | 2 (4%) | 9 (16%) | 16 (28%) | 2 (3%) | 24 (43%) | 18 (32%) | 0.372 |
| AED management | 44 | 1 (2%) | 15 (26%) | 20 (35%) | 1 (2%) | 10 (18%) | 41 (73%) | 0.374 |
| Management of transcutaneous pacing | 45 | 0 (0%) | 1 (2%) | 10 (18%) | 9 (14%) | 47 (87%) | 4 (7%) | 0.457 |
| Management of transvenous pacing | 46 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (7%) | 10 (16%) | 52 (95%) | 1 (2%) | −0.067 |
| Speculum examination | 47 | 30 (53%) | 13 (23%) | 9 (16%) | 2 (3%) | 5 (9%) | 41 (75%) | 0.599 |
| Vaginal delivery | 48 | 11 (19%) | 5 (9%) | 26 (46%) | 9 (14%) | 21 (38%) | 22 (39%) | 0.580 |
| Artificial rupture of membranes | 49 | 11 (19%) | 3 (5%) | 15 (26%) | 13 (21%) | 25 (46%) | 22 (40%) | 0.826 |
| Management of breech delivery | 50 | 0 (0%) | 2 (4%) | 12 (21%) | 14 (22%) | 45 (80%) | 7 (13%) | 0.463 |
| Management of shoulder dystocia | 51 | 1 (2%) | 9 (16%) | 16 (28%) | 13 (21%) | 35 (64%) | 12 (22%) | 0.791 |
| Fetal scalp electrode application | 52 | 5 (9%) | 7 (12%) | 11 (19%) | 14 (22%) | 34 (62%) | 17 (31%) | 0.854 |
| Vacuum/forceps delivery | 53 | 2 (4%) | 9 (16%) | 11 (19%) | 14 (22%) | 39 (71%) | 9 (16%) | 0.760 |
| Management of cord prolapsed | 54 | 1 (2%) | 4 (7%) | 11 (19%) | 12 (19%) | 36 (64%) | 10 (18%) | 0.567 |
| Management of postpartum hemorrhage | 55 | 5 (9%) | 10 (18%) | 20 (35%) | 9 (14%) | 21 (38%) | 17 (31%) | 0.640 |
Abbreviations: CXR, chest X-ray; ECG, electrocardiograph; AED, automated external defibrillator; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; BiPAP, bilevel positive airway pressure; DC, direct current.