Table 8.
Coefficients on the association between migration status and health outcomes measured at T1 (in 2007), controlling for sociodemographic characteristics (standard errors are shown in parentheses)
| Covariates | Physical Health (PCS) (N = 544) | Mental Health (MCS) (N = 544) |
|---|---|---|
| Migration Status | ||
| Rural-to-urban migrants (ref. = urban comparison group) | 2.937*** (0.914) | 2.802** (0.963) |
| Rural-urban-rural return migrants (ref. = urban comparison group) | –0.670 (1.204) | 0.389 (1.183) |
| Interaction Terms | ||
| Rural-to-urban migrant × Male | –2.721* (1.303) | — a |
| Return migrant × Male | 0.347 (1.5 54) | — |
| Control Variables | ||
| Sex (ref. = female) | 2.807*** (0.856) | 0.051 (0.876) |
| Age at T1 (continuous) | 0.004 (0.097) | 0.284* (0.139) |
| Single at T1 (ref. = married) | 0.236 (0.724) | 1.019 (1.040) |
| Widowed/divorced/separated at T1 | 0.667 (1.828) | 1.821 (2.639) |
| Working at T1 (ref. = not working) | 0.171 (1.233) | –0.971 (1.755) |
| Studying at T1 (ref. = not working) | 1.659 (1.490) | 0.280 (2.127) |
| Looking for a job at T1 (ref. = not working) | 0.633 (2.186) | 1.793 (3.147) |
| Primary education at T1 (ref. = no education) | –4.711* (2.213) | –2.285 (3.185) |
| Secondary education at T1 (ref. = no education) | –1.052† (2.199) | –2.190 (3.168) |
| Higher education at T1 (ref. = no education) | –4.567* (2.280) | –2.846 (3.289) |
| Constant | 54.346*** (3.490) | 43.327*** (4.916) |
Notes: Previous migration experience since birth (and before 2005 for the migrant groups) was not significantly associated with physical or mental health status in 2007 and therefore is not included in the final models.
Goodness-of-fit for physical health (PCS): R2 = .058, adjusted R2 = .034. Goodness-of-fit for mental health (MCS): R2 = .029, adjusted R2 = .007.
a
There is no significant interaction in the mental health model.
†
p < .10
*
p < .05
**
p < .01
***
p < .001