Table 1.
Demographics and Comorbidities
| Variable | Overall cohort (n=625) | Development cohort (n=428) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hernia (n=70) | No hernia (n=358) | p Value | ||
| Age, y | 60.8 ± 11.4 | 62.6 ± 9.11 | 60.3 ± 12.0 | <0.001 |
| Sex, male, n (%) | 588 (94.1%) | 69 (98.6%) | 333 (93.0%) | 0.098 |
| Ethnicity, white, n (%) | 343 (54.9%) | 47 (67.1%) | 192 (53.6%) | 0.048 |
| Functional status, n (%) | 0.846 | |||
| Independent | 551 (88.2%) | 59 (84.3%) | 314 (87.7%) | |
| Partially dependent | 39 (6.2%) | 5 (7.1%) | 24 (6.7%) | |
| Dependent | 35 (5.6%) | 6 (8.6%) | 20 (56%) | |
| ASA score, n (%) | 0.040 | |||
| 1 | 12 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 11 (3.1%) | |
| 2 | 94 (15.0%) | 4 (5.7%) | 58 (16.2%) | |
| 3 | 395 (63.2%) | 47 (67.1%) | 221 (61.7%) | |
| 4 | 123 (19.7%) | 19 (27.1%) | 67 (18.7%) | |
| 5 | 1 (0.2%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.3%) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.1 ± 5.7 | 28.7 ± 6.5 | 28.1 ± 5.6 | 0.418 |
| Collagen vascular disorder, n (%) | 30 (4.8%) | 4 (5.7%) | 20 (5.6%) | 1.000 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, n (%) | 160 (25.6%) | 16 (22.9%) | 92 (25.7%) | 0.655 |
| COPD, n (%) | 83 (13.3%) | 19 (27.1%) | 35 (9.8%) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 430 (68.8%) | 51 (72.9%) | 246 (68.7%) | 0.571 |
| Cardiovascular disease, n (%) | 169 (27.0%) | 21 (30.0%) | 98 (27.4%) | 0.663 |
| Liver disease, n (%) | ||||
| Any | 86 (13.8%) | 7 (10.0%) | 53 (14.8%) | 0.350 |
| Severe | 25 (4.0%) | 2 (2.9%) | 14 (3.9%) | 1.000 |
| Immunosuppression, n (%) | 30 (4.8%) | 4 (5.7%) | 16 (4.5%) | 0.551 |
| Active smoking, n (%) | 215 (34.4%) | 19 (27.1%) | 121 (33.8%) | 0.330 |
| Alcohol use disorder, n (%) | 83 (13.3%) | 9 (12.8%) | 42 (11.7%) | 0.840 |
| Hematocrit, % | 38.1 ± 6.0 | 36.6 ± 6.1 | 38.4 ± 5.9 | 0.022 |
| Albumin, g/dL | 3.4 ± 0.7 | 3.2 ± 0.7 | 3.4 ± 0.7 | 0.120 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.1 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 1.1 ± 0.8 | 0.487 |
| Prior operation | ||||
| Yes, n (%) | 295 (47.2%) | 36 (50.7%) | 160 (44.6%) | 0.359 |
| Number (range) | 0 (0-13) | 1 (0-13) | 0 (0-9) | 0.266 |
| History of SSI, n (%) | 60 (9.6%) | 13 (18.3%) | 33 (9.2%) | 0.033 |
| Open abdomen, n (%) | 16 (2.6%) | 4 (5.7%) | 7 (2.0%) | 0.088 |
ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologist Score; SSI, surgical site infection.