Table 1. Characteristics of patients in the chart review data.
| Hypertensive a cases (N = 396) | Non-hypertensive cases (N = 1169) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | P value | |
| Age | <0.001 | ||||
| 35–54 years | 125 | 31.6 | 906 | 77.5 | |
| 55–64 years | 92 | 23.2 | 146 | 12.5 | |
| 65+ years | 179 | 45.2 | 117 | 10.0 | |
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 175 | 44.2 | 366 | 31.3 | <0.001 |
| Comorbidities b in physician claim | |||||
| Diabetes | 44 | 11.1 | 22 | 1.9 | <0.001 |
| Myocardial infarction | 29 | 7.3 | 7 | 0.6 | <0.001 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 28 | 7.1 | 17 | 1.5 | <0.001 |
| Congestive heart failure | 34 | 8.6 | 8 | 0.7 | <0.001 |
| Rheumatic disease | 7 | 1.8 | 11 | 0.9 | 0.252 |
| Dementia | 6 | 1.5 | 4 | 0.3 | 0.026 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 9 | 2.3 | 6 | 0.5 | 0.004 |
| Paralysis | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0.2 | 0.635 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 51 | 12.9 | 140 | 12.0 | 0.645 |
| Renal failure | 14 | 3.5 | 5 | 0.4 | <0.001 |
| Pulmonary circulation disorders | 9 | 2.3 | 8 | 0.7 | 0.011 |
| Metastatic cancer | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0.4 | 0.344 |
| Cardiac arrhythmias | 36 | 9.1 | 23 | 2.0 | <0.001 |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 7 | 1.8 | 16 | 1.4 | 0.621 |
| Valvular disease | 13 | 3.3 | 9 | 0.8 | 0.002 |
| Hypothyroidism | 19 | 4.8 | 77 | 6.6 | 0.226 |
| Lymphoma | 2 | 0.5 | 5 | 0.4 | 1 |
| Solid tumor without metastasis | 32 | 8.1 | 36 | 3.1 | <0.001 |
| Anemia | 6 | 1.5 | 7 | 0.6 | 0.098 |
| Coagulopathy | 11 | 2.8 | 12 | 1.0 | 0.018 |
| Fluid and electrolyte disorder | 16 | 4 | 27 | 2.3 | 0.085 |
| Weight loss | 4 | 1 | 5 | 0.4 | 0.255 |
| Obesity | 10 | 2.5 | 30 | 2.6 | 1 |
| Alcohol abuse | 2 | 0.5 | 10 | 0.9 | 0.542 |
| Drug abuse | 17 | 4.3 | 37 | 3.2 | 0.328 |
| Psychoses | 4 | 1 | 9 | 0.8 | 0.747 |
| Depression | 93 | 23.5 | 294 | 25.1 | 0.537 |
| Liver disease | 8 | 2 | 13 | 1.1 | 0.195 |
a Hypertension status was defined based on the chart review.
b Diagnosis information of hypertension and other comorbidities were retrieved at or up to 2 years before the study fiscal year.