Table 1.
Results of a computational fluid dynamics simulation and pulse-wave ultrasonography measurements for patient 1 before and after virtual Pipeline embolization device deployment
| Variable | Pre-deployment |
Post-deployment |
Change (%) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CFD | US-PSV (mean±SD) | CFD | US-PSV (mean±SD) | CFD | |
| Volumetric flow rate (mm3/sec) | |||||
| ICA | 1,228.5 | - | 1,228.5 | - | - |
| Aneurysm | 598.2 | - | 59.9 | - | -90.0 |
| MCA | 950.2 | - | 960.1 | - | 1.0 |
| PComA | 278.3 | - | 268.4 | - | -3.6 |
| Peak aneurysm pressure (mm Hg) | 124.6 | - | 123.6 | - | -0.8 |
| Peak aneurysm shear stress (N/m2) | 18.0 | - | 14.5 | - | -19.4 |
| Peak systolic velocity (cm/sec) | |||||
| Parent and outflow vessel | |||||
| ICA | 38.2 | 37.3±2.6 | 39.0 | 37.9±2.4 | 2.1 |
| MCA | 87.7 | 79.3±7.9 | 83.5 | 78.2±7.2 | -4.8 |
| PComA | 72.3 | 70.3±9.9 | 71.8 | 69.3±9.2 | -0.7 |
| Aneurysm | |||||
| S1 | -3.5 | 一4.3±1.2 | 1.3 | 1.8±0.8 | -62.9 |
| S2 | 4.2 | 5.3±1.1 | 1.1 | 2.5±1.2 | -73.8 |
| S3 | -17.3 | -16.5±2.1 | -1.7 | -3.0±0.8 | -90.2 |
| S4 | -23.6 | -22.7±3.4 | -3.4 | -4.0±0.7 | -85.6 |
| Mean velocity (cm/sec) | |||||
| Parent outflow vessel | |||||
| ICA | 9.0 | 10.8±2.1 | 9.4 | 10.5±1.9 | 4.4 |
| MCA | 21.4 | 22.3±1.5 | 20.8 | 21.7±1.6 | -2.8 |
| PComA | 16.4 | 17.9±1.8 | 15.8 | 16.5±1.2 | -3.7 |
| Aneurysm | |||||
| S1 | -0.5 | <1.0 | 0.2 | <1.0 | -60.0 |
| S2 | 0.8 | <1.0 | 0.1 | <1.0 | -87.5 |
| S3 | -3.4 | -4.1±1.0 | -0.4 | <1.0 | -88.2 |
| S4 | -3.9 | -4.5±1.2 | -0.8 | <1.0 | -79.5 |
CFD, computational fluid dynamics; US-PSV, pulse-wave ultrasonography; ICA, internal carotid artery; MCA, middle cerebral artery; PComA, posterior communicating artery; S1-4, four quadrants of the aneurysmal sac.