(A) In HEK293T cells, with control siRNA transfection, M3-R significantly potentiated the cAMP response of OR (left, Two-way ANOVA, p<10-4). With β-arrestin-2 siRNA transfection, the potentiation is diminished (right, Two-way ANOVA, p=0.63). n=3, error bars indicate standard errors. (B) Efficiency of β-arrestin-2 siRNA in HEK293T cells shown by western blot. (C) A single cell from a β-arrestin-2+/+ mouse was stimulated by a mixture of 10 odorants each at 10 μM with or without 0.1 μM darifenacin. The Ca2+ signals were monitored as fluorometric ratios (Fura-2 340nm/380nm). KCl serves as a positive control. (D) darifenacin significantly reduced odor-induced Ca2+ signals (p=0.0006, two-tailed paired t-test, n = 116 pairs). (E) A single cell from a β-arrestin-2-/- mouse was stimulated by a mixture of 10 odorants each at 10 μM with or without 0.1 μM darifenacin. (F) darifenacin failed to attenuate odor-mediated responses of OSNs from M3-R-/- mice (p=0.512, two-tailed paired t-test, n = 90 pairs).