. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Mar 25.

Published in final edited form as: J Alzheimers Dis. 2014;42(0 3):S109–S117. doi: 10.3233/JAD-132570

Table 4.

Type of Diabetic Retinal Disease and Risk of Dementia from Age as Time Scale Cox Proportional Hazard Models

	Hazard ratio (95% CI)
	Unadjusted model	Adjusted model^*
Diabetic retinal disease (n=27331)	1.41 (1.27 1.57)	1.37 (1.22 1.53)
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy only (n = 25970)	1.57 (1.27 1.93)	1.40 (1.12 1.74)
Diabetic macular edema only (n= 26434)	1.44 (1.26 1.65)	1.42 (1.23 1.63.)

adjusted for age, gender, race, education, medical utilization and diabetic medication use. For the calculation of the hazard ratio of the groups with only DPR or only DME, patients with respectively DME and DPR were excluded.