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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Semin Nephrol. 2014 Jun 13;34(4):384–393. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2014.06.005

Figure 1. Current strategies for engineering a bioartificial kidney for transplantation.

Figure 1

Current strategies to create a bioarticial kidney can be divided into three stages: (1) generating a scaffold by bioprinting or decellularization; (2) populating the scaffold with cells from embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells; (3) maturing the organ in vitro or in vivo. After the kidney has been matured, it can be transplanted into humans.