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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Dev Biol. 2014 Aug 4;394(1):110–121. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.07.019

Figure 5. ral-1 is needed for vesicle fusion with the canal lumen.

Figure 5

(A and A′) Representative transverse transmission electron microscopy (TEM) thin sections of the excretory canal in wild type (A) and ral-1 mutants (B); sections were taken from the posterior canal between the pharynx and distal gonad. A′ displays a higher magnification view of the boxed region in A; interconnected vesicles fused to the lumen are outlined by a dotted line. Scale bars in A and B are 500 nm. (C and D) Tracings from 200 nm thick section TEM tomograms (see Videos S1 and S2 for raw data Z-stacks) from regions immediately distal to the sections displayed in panels A and B. Each vesicle was outlined at its maximum diameter. Vesicles are classified as connected to the lumen (yellow), basal surface (red), interconnected (cyan), or isolated (green). (E) Summary of vesicle tracings from control (4 sections) and mutant (4 sections) tomograms; n refers to total number of vesicles from all sections combined. (F) L4 larval worm over-expressing YFP-RAL-1 specifically in the excretory canal. The magnified boxed region shows a cyst connected to the canal lumen (arrow). Scale bar is 10 μm.