Table 1.

Characteristics of randomised controlled trials assessing treatment of vaginal candidiasis to prevent preterm birth

Study	Study period and location	Study population	Study size (Candidiasis)	Intervention	Comparison	Available outcomes among women with candidiasis	Funding and competing interests
Kiss et al.	2001 to 2002, 25 non-hospital-based obstetricians Vienna, Austria	Women with singleton pregnancies, 150 to 196 weeks gestation, no symptoms of vaginal infection, bleeding or contractions, Mean age [SD]: 28.9 [±5.6], 48% primipara 98% white ethnicity, Carriage rate of asymptomatic candidiasis: 14.1%	586, 294 randomised to treatment 292 randomised to usual care	Vaginal clotrimazole 0.1 g for 6 days	Usual care (vaginal culture result not revealed, no treatment)	Spontaneous preterm birth (<37 weeks gestation)	‘Healthy Austria’ (‘Fonds GesundesÖsterreich’) grant PNr.205/V/12 and Federal Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture grant, GZ 70.069/1-Pr4/2000, no competing interests declared.
Roberts et al.	2008 to 2009, single tertiary obstetric hospital, Sydney, Australia	Women with singleton pregnancies, 120 to 196 weeks gestation, no symptoms vaginal infection, mean age [SD]: 32.2 [±54.4], 45% primipara, ethnicity not reported, carriage rate of asymptomatic candidiasis: 19.6%	99, 50 randomised to treatment, 49 randomised to usual care	Vaginal clotrimazole 0.1 g for 6 days	Usual care (vaginal culture result not revealed, no treatment)	Spontaneous preterm birth (<37 weeks gestation); any preterm birth; pregnancy complications (gestational diabetes; antepartum haemorrhage); mode of delivery (spontaneous vaginal, instrumental caesarean section), birth weight (<2,500, 2,500 to 3,999, ≥4,000 g); nursery admission.	One author supported by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Fellowship. No competing interests declared.*

SD, standard deviation; *three authors of this paper are also authors of this systematic review.