Table 1.
Section
|
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tone | S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 | S5 | S6 |
T1 | −0.0002 | 0.0013 | 0.0014 | 0.0005 | −0.0008 | −0.0022 |
T2 | −0.0023 | 0.0001 | 0.0049 | 0.0095 | 0.0108 | 0.0058 |
T3 | −0.0059 | −0.0086 | −0.0023 | 0.0066 | 0.0118 | 0.0068 |
T4 | 0.0034 | 0.0011 | −0.0063 | −0.0143 | −0.0181 | −0.0131 |
S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, and S6 represent the six 40-ms sections within each f0 contour: 5–45, 45–85, 85–125, 125–165, 165–205, and 205–245. T1, T2, T3, and T4 stand for the four Mandarin tones. Values represent the degree of acceleration/deceleration, defined as rate of change in pitch, within each section. For a 40-ms time frame, acceleration was computed as the difference in pitch value at offset and onset divided by the duration of the frame. Positive and negative signs represent rising and falling f0 trajectories, respectively.
IRN, iterated rippled noise.