Table 1.
Ethnobotanical inventory of Lhoba in Milin County, Tibet, China
| Family name | Scientific name | Local name | Habit | Part used | Local use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adoxaceae | Sambucus adnata Wall. ex DC. | Ong na nie na san dou ba | Herb | Fruits and roots | Medicine used for treating bruises. Fruits are edible and sweet. |
| Viburnum kansuense Batal. | Ga ma mi me | Shrub | Fruits | Food. | |
| Viburnum nervosum D. Don | Ji bong | Shrub | Roots | Soaked in alcohol for anti-inflammatory and relieving pain as external medicine. | |
| Apiaceae | Angelica apaensis R. H. Shan et C. Q. Yuan | Jia na | Herb | Whole plant | Boiled, used as hypotensive drugs. |
| Balanophoraceae | Balanophora involucrata Hook. f. | Di du guo ya | Herb | Whole plant | Soaked in alcohol or boiled in water for aphrodisiac. |
| Berberidaceae | Berberis atrocarpa Schneid. | Jiu zi ca ma | Shrub | Leaves and fruits | Food (sour taste). |
| Berberis kongboensis Ahrendt | Jiu zi ca ma | Shrub | Leaves and fruits | Food (sour taste). | |
| Berberis pruinosa Franch. | Sai mang | Shrub | Branches, roots and fruits | Branches and roots are boiled in water and used as medicine for treating diarrhea. Fruits are edible and sour. Fruits and roots are also used for dyeing. | |
| Berberis temolaica Ahrendt | Si sen | Shrub | Roots | Dye plant. | |
| Dysosma tsayuensis Ying | Dong na long dong | Herb | Fruits | Eaten directly as food or boiled in water as medicine for treating gynecological diseases or hematinics. | |
| Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Royle) Ying | Dong na long dong | Herb | Fruits | Eaten directly as food or boiled in water as medicine for treating gynecological diseases or hematinics. | |
| Bignoniaceae | Incarvillea lutea Bur. et Franch. | Di ma bu du | Herb | Roots | Medicine used for hematinics. |
| Clusiaceae | Hypericum bellum Li | Da bu ru ma | Herb | Fruits | Tobacco substitutes. |
| Compositae | Ajania tenuifolia (Jacq.) Tzvel. | Yi lin | Herb | Whole plant | Incense plant |
| Anaphalis nepalensis (Spreng.) Hand.-Mazz. | A bo | Herb | Whole plant | Tobacco substitute, kindling and fuel | |
| Artemisia vestita Wall. ex Bess. | Can ba | Herb | Whole plant | An important incense plant. | |
| Cirsium eriophoroides (Hook. F.) Petrak | Da ca ma | Herb | Whole plant | Medicine external used for stopping bleeding and reducing the inflammation. | |
| Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz. | Ra jiang | Herb | Flowers and roots | Boiled or eaten directly, used for treating dyspepsia, headache and kidney deficiency. | |
| Leontopodium dedekensii (Bur. et Franch.) Beauv. | Ba bong bin | Herb | Whole plant | Kindling and fuel. | |
| Ligularia rumicifolia (Drumm.) S. W. Liu | Lang qian niu ba | Herb | Roots | Boiled liquid for treating sore throat as an anti-inflammatory medicine. | |
| Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don | Gang bu rong ba | Herb | Roots | Boiled for treating cold. | |
| Synotis solidaginea (Hand.-Mazz.) C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen | Mi ji dong ba | Herb | Whole plant | Boiled liquid for treating stuffy nose and freckle. | |
| Cupressaceae | Juniperus squamata Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don | Ba ma | Tree | Leaves and branches | Fuel, incense and timber plant. |
| Elaeagnaceae | Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. | Jiu gong/Ran jia | Tree | Fruits | Food (sour and sweet taste), used for treating stomach pain. |
| Hippophae rhamnoides Linn. subsp. yunnanensis Rousi | Da guo | Tree | Fruits | Food (sour and sweet taste), dye plant. | |
| Ericaceae | Gaultheria wardii Marq. et Airy-Shaw | Dong gou mi xi | Shrub | Fruits | Food. |
| Rhododendron cephalanthum Franch. | Da jia bu | Shrub | Leaves and branches | Incense plant. | |
| Rhododendron primuliflorum Bur. et Franch. | Da jia bu | Shrub | Leaves and branches | Incense plant. | |
| Fagaceae | Quercus aquifolioides Rehd. et Wils. | Sen nie ya ye | Tree | Fruits and branches | Unshelled and crushed fruits are used for making flat cake. Branches are used for making agriculture tools, weaving tools and fuel. |
| Grossulariaceae | Ribes himalense Royle ex Decaisne | Ong m li | Shrub | Fruits | Food (sour and sweet taste) |
| Ribes laciniatum J. D. Hooder et Thomson | Ong m li | Shrub | Fruits | Food (sour and sweet taste) | |
| Lamiaceae | Elsholtzia ciliata (Thunb.) Hyland. | Bong ga da nang | Herb | Whole plant | Spice plant for making blood sausages. |
| Elsholtzia densa Benth. | Bong ga da nang | Herb | Whole plant | Spice plant for making blood sausages. | |
| Elsholtzia strobilifera Benth. | Bong ga da nang | Herb | Whole plant | Spice plant for making blood sausages. | |
| Phlomis milingensis C. Y. Wu et H. W. Li | Ou mu ba wa | Herb | Flowers | Nectar | |
| Salvia przewalskii Maxim. | Re nie | Herb | Flowers | Nectar | |
| Lauraceae | Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. | De yi | Tree | Fruits | Medicine used for treating stomach disorder and diarrhea. Fruits are fried with pepper as substitute of spices. |
| Litsea pungens Hemsl. | Ta er | Tree | Fruits | Fried with pepper as spices substitutes. | |
| Melanthiaceae | Paris polyphylla Smith | Da bi ri sen | Herb | Roots | Medicine used as a kind of inflammation-relieving hemostatic medicine. |
| Pinaceae | Abies forrestii C. C. Rogers | Song | Tree | Branches | Fuel, used for making barrel and other living appliances |
| Plantaginaceae | Veronica anagallis- aquatica Linn. | Bong ga neng bong | Herb | Whole plant | Food (a kind of vegetable). Medicine used for treating sore throat. |
| Poaceae | Fargesia macclureana Yi | La rang | Herb | Branches | Fuel, thatching, weaving basket and other instruments of labor. |
| Polygonaceae | Polygonum hydropiper Linn. | A er | Herb | Aboveground part | Dye plant |
| Polygonum tortuosum D. Don. | Ya rong | Herb | Whole plant | Boiled roots used for treating diarrhea. Fodder. | |
| Primulaceae | Primula sikkimensis Hook. | Qiu dong ba | Herb | Roots | Boiled for treating diarrhea. |
| Pteridiaceae | Pteridium aquilinum (Linn.) Kuhn var. latiusculum (Desv.) Underw. ex Heller | Da wang | Herb | Burgeens | Food (a kind of vegetable) |
| Ranunculaceae | Aconitum kongboense Lauener | Ao mo mu ji | Herb | Roots | Poison for hunting. Grinding roots into power and stick on arrowhead with water to make the arrow poison. Medicine used for paretic analgesia. |
| Batrachium bungei (Steud.) L. Liou | Xi jiao | Herb | Leaves | Medicine used to wash hair for hair healthy. | |
| Coptis teeta Franch. | Meng ba | Herb | Roots | Medicine used in wound care for stopping bleeding, relieving pain, anti-inflammatory and detoxification properties. | |
| Rhamnaceae | Berchemia yunnanensis Franch. | Guo lang | Tree | Fruits | Medicine used for stomach pain |
| Rosaceae | Fragaria vesca Linn. | Yi gei ba qi | Herb | Fruits | Food (sweet taste) |
| Potentilla anserina Linn. | Ba xi | Herb | whole plant | Incense plant. Roots are cooked with other food material for nutritional supplement. | |
| Rosa omeiensis Rolfe | Ha ji ba bu | Shrub | Fruits | Food (sweet taste) used for treating dysentery and cold. | |
| Rubus biflorus Buch.-Ham. ex Smith | Yi na/Zi ga | Shrub | Fruits | Food (sweet taste), good for kidney. | |
| Sorbus thibetica (Card.) Hand.-Mazz. | Bo lang | Tree | Fruits | Food (sour and sweet taste),eaten after frost for replenishing strength. | |
| Rubiaceae | Rubia cordifolia Linn. | Da min | Herb | Whole plant | Dye plant |
| Rutaceae | Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. | Ye ma | Shrub | Fruits | Spices |
| Usneaceae | Usnea spp. | Bi ba beng suo | Herb | Whole plant | Soaked in water, used to wash feet for treating beriberi. |
| Zygnemataceae | Spirogyra spp. | Ni a ji | Herb | Whole plant | Food (making soup) |
(Ranked by family names alphabetically, followed by generic and species names).