Table 2. Human rights framework for analysing HIV testing policies.

Government obligation	Components in framework for assessing HIV testing policies
Obligation to respect	Opportunity to learn one's HIV status Right to decline HIV testing without penalty in the health care setting Assurance of confidentiality of testing results from third parties
Obligation to protect	Insurance of adequate measures to protect from potential adverse consequences of testing and/or disclosing one's status (including: stigma, violence and coercion of women's reproductive choices)
Obligation to fulfil	Provision of counselling services Access to adequate PMTCT services and follow-up ARV therapy for herself and her child Access to necessary psychological and social support services Plans for implementation in order to create a conducive environment for women to get tested, decline testing, access treatment and care